上海市六校2018届高三上学期12月联考
Section A （20%）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How to Find Happiness without Buying it?
Our materialistic society has led us to believe that happiness cannot be obtained without having money.
Rather than learning to be satisfied with what we have, we ___21___ (teach)to want more. We learn from advertising, and from the media, __22____ we need to buy trinkets and toys in order to make ourselves happy, or __23___ (fulfill) emotional needs, and that the purchases they are trying to talk us into will provide us with the psychological comfort we are looking for.
Unfortunately, as a society we have bought into these ___24___ (misguide)messages and have come to believe that ___25__ (spend) money on certain items will bring us fame, fortune, happiness, beauty, or popularity. As a result, we trade hours of our lives working, sacrificing time that __26___ have been spent with our families, ___27__ the pursuit of the almighty dollar. Actually, there are a number of ways to enjoy life without the need for a great deal of money. For example, Think about __28__ you would spend your time, and what you would do for enjoyment. Change your focus from material possessions to ___29__ that bring you enjoyment, such as spending quality time with your family and friends.Certainly, it is important to work and earn enough to provide for our basic needs and the needs of our families, but it is important to recognize when the desire for personal possessions becomes overly consuming, __30___ otherwise will upset a balance between a satisfying work life and a rich home life. The best way to achieve such a balance is to ensure the drive for material possessions does not become all consuming. Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. addiction F.essential
B. downward G. analytical C.access H. forced D. unfair I. reliance E. urged J. criticized K. fall A pen has always been a(n) (31) ________tool when it comes to taking exams. However, in this digital age, this traditional tool may become a thing of the past.
Cambridge University in Britain is considering ending 800 years of written exams and allowing students to use laptops(手提电脑) or iPads to take exams instead.
The move comes after Cambridge teachers complained that students’ handwriting is becoming too hard to recognize. The (32)______ in being able to write neatly could largely be down to the (33)______ on laptops in lectures and elsewhere.
―There has definitely been a (34)______ trend. It is difficult for both the students and the examiners as it is harder and harder to read these scripts,‖ Sarah Pearsall, a senior lecturer at the university, told The Telegraph.
As a result, more and more students with poor handwriting are being (35)______ to return to university during the summer holidays to read their answers aloud to university administrators. However, some (36)______ the move, fearing the handwritten word would become a lost art. Tracey Trussell, a handwriting expert at the British Institute of Graphologists, (37)______ Cambridge to ―make sure that students continue to write by hand, particularly in lectures‖. She told The Telegraph that writing by hand could help students improve their memory and understand lessons better.
Meanwhile, there are also concerns that primary and secondary schools could follow Cambridge’s examples.
In fact, a similar plan was carried out for some first- and second-year students at Edinburgh University in the UK in 2011, reported The Scotsman. Senior officials at the university believed it was (38)______ to expect students to use pens and paper during exams when most of their coursework was done using computers.
The move also echoes the opinions of Harvard professor Eric Mazur, known as the father of the ―flipped classroom (翻转课堂)‖. He believed that the rise of the (39)______ to mobile internet means that we live in an age in which we don’t need to memorize anything. Students should be tested on their creative and (40)______ skills, rather than the ability to remember information, he said during the Times Higher Education World Academic Summit in September.
III. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the work or phrase that best fits the context.
It's no secret that as a population, Americans have been getting heavier, but researchers now say that our weight problem may be worse than we thought.
In a study published in the journal PLOS One, lead author Dr. Eric Braverman says that our current measure of obesity (肥胖症) -- body mass index, or BMI -- significantly (41) ______ the number of people, especially women, who are obese.
Braverman and his co-author, Dr. Nirav Shah, studied 1,400 men and women, comparing their BMI measurement to their percentage of body fat, as measured by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. While BMI is a simple ratio of a person’s height and weight, the
DEXA scan-- which is normally used to measure body density (密度) -- can (42) ______ between bone, fat and muscle mass.
Based on BMI, about one-third of Americans are considered obese, but when other methods of measuring obesity are used, that number may be (43) ______ to 60% according to Braverman. Physicians have complained for years that BMI is a(n) (44) ______ measure of healthy weight. Extremely muscular people, (45) ______ , may weigh ―too much‖ for their height, since dense muscle mass weighs more than fat, thus qualifying as obese even if their bodies contain very little fat. Yet it’s not extra weight itself, but excess fat that (46) ______ health problems. ―People aren’t being diagnosed as obese, so they’re not being told about their risk of disease or being given (47) _____ on how to improve their health,‖ Braverman said. Data show that people who (48) ______ to put on pounds are more likely to continue getting heavier, increasing their risk for a number of diseases.
So why is BMI still being used, if it’s not (49) ______? For now, it’s the best and easiest way for physicians to measure a person’s healthy weight while taking into account his or her general body (50) ______. DEXA scans are far too expensive to be used as a (51) ______ measure during doctor’s visits. BMI isn’t perfect, but many experts say it’s the best they have.
Still, as results like Braverman’s continue to (52) ______, it may be time to consider other ways of tracking weight, and (53) ______, body fat. ―It’s important to point out the (54) ______ of the BMI,‖ Dr.Richard Bergman, director of Cedars Sinai’s Obesity and Diabetes Research Institute in Los Angeles said. ―It’s a poor measure of (55) ______, and we do need better measures.‖
41、A. predicts 42、A. compare 43、A. closer 44、A. important 45、A. for example 46、A. arises from 47、A. views 48、A. decide 49、A. right 50、A. structure 51、A. special 52、A. fill in 53、A. in particular 54、A. mistakes 55、A. health
Section B(22分)
Directions: Read the following three passage. E ach passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one
B. underestimates B. recognize B. related B. imperfect B. in contrast B. owes to B. orders B. start B. recognizable B. well-being B. routine B. run out B. on occasion B. failure B. body
C. increases
C. identify C. devoted C. incredible C. in addition C. leads to C. instruction C. hope C. popular C. function C. scientific C. go down C. after all C. inferiority C. fatness
D. reduces D. distinguish D. key
D. uncertain D. without doubt D. goes through D. focus D. fear D. precise D. weight D. decisive D. build up D. in all D. weakness D. diseases
that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
While a female politician or first lady can use her clothing to create a favorable public image, male politicians don’t have as many fashion choices to play with. But Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau seems to have discovered a goldmine – his socks.
He’s been seen wearing ―statement socks‖ at many public events. For example, during a NATO(北大西洋公约组织) meeting in Brussels in May, Trudeau wore one blue sock and one pink, both with the NATO symbol printed on them. And in June, he wore a pair of socks with the pattern of maple leaves – a national symbol of Canada – when he appeared on a TV show.
The New York Times’ editor Vanessa Friedman praised Trudeau’s play on his socks as ―clever‖.
―Socks are subtle(微妙的) enough not to be distracting, but visible enough that you can’t miss the point,‖ she wrote. ―Rarely have a man’s ankles said so much.‖
But not all the playful socks that Trudeau wears send some kind of political message – some of them are just for fun.
One example is a pair he wore during a meeting with Enda Kenny, then the prime minister of Ireland, in Montreal on May 4. During their meeting, Trudeau wore Star Wars socks – simply because that day happened to be International Star Wars Day. If this pair of socks sent out any message, according to Vogue magazine reporter Emily Farra, that message was ―just that he has a quirky side and loves George Lucas films,‖ she wrote.
However, some say that 45-year-old Trudeau’s unusual sock choices show a childish side of the prime minister that proves he isn’t mature enough to be the leader of a country.
But Friedman doesn’t see it that way. ―The socks have been a source of pride and applause on an international scale – a symbol both of Mr Trudeau’s ability to embrace multiculturalism and of his position as a next-generation leader not bound by old traditions,‖ she wrote. ―They have opened up possibilities for the future.‖
1. Trudeau wore a pair of socks with the pattern of maple leaves to _______
A. distract audience’s attention from the TV shows B. send a message that he is proud of his country C. narrow the gap between politician and civilians D. claim that he is the new-generation leader of the country 2. The underlined word ―quirky‖ is closest in meaning to _______
A. abnormal B. serious C. enthusiastic D. odd
3. According to Friedman, Justin Trudeau _______
A. has a promising future but still an inexperienced politician
B. used a clever way to explore and finally discovered a goldmine C. is open-minded and is ready to accept different cultures
D. is a leader who has abandoned old traditions to build up his future 4. The article is mainly about _______
A. the strange hobby of a young politician B. a young leader’s clever choice of socks C. how male politicians maintain public image D. the gender difference in modern politicians
(B)
? CAFE DISPLAY ? OUR JOURNEYS ? 12 April-29 May 2008
Young people explore how they have adapted to life in Oxford.
―When I first came here,‖ says one young African woman, ―I just wanted to cry all the time. And now I have learned to laugh again.‖ Working with photographer Rory Carnegie and writer Nikki van der Gaag, young men and women explore their journey from the time they first arrived in a strange place to where they find themselves today. Organized by The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival (10－17 April 2008). Supported by the Maggie Black Trust and Oxford City Council.
● ACTIVlTlES FOR CHlLDREN AND FAMILIES ● MODERN ART TROLLEY FREE
Art activities for children every weekend during the exhibition in the Entrance Space from 2 p. m. to 4 p. m. Just drop in. Children must be led by an adult.
● WORKSHOP FOR 8 TO 12 YEAR OLDS Thursday 7 April, 10：30 a. m. to 1：30 p. m.
Looking at themes from the exhibition and exploring pictures based ideas through group discussion and using digital cameras. Led by Judie Waldmann.
● BOOK LAUNCH FREE
The Drawing Book by Sarah Simblet is a practical approach to drawing the world around you. Sarah Simblet, who teaches at the Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art, University of Oxford, will be present to give a short talk about the development of her book. Special price of￡18 on copies purchased in the evening.
Booking recommended on 01865 813802 ● TEACHERS’ EVENING FREE Thursday 21 April, 5 p.m. to 7：30 p. m.
Lecture by Susan Bright, independent writer and lecturer, at 5：30 p. m. followed by an opportunity to view the exhibition. FREE Education Notes will be provided for teachers attending
上海市六校2018届高三上学期12月联考英语试题
