一、名词后缀
,ance,ence
appear(出现,公开露面)—appearance
refer(提交,谈及,提到,涉及,查阅,咨询)—reference(提及,涉及,参考,参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人),audience,advice,allowance,ambulance,appearance :
arrival,refusal,revival,removal,approval :
accurate(正确的,精确的)—accuracy(精确性,正确度)
private—privacy,emergency,frequency,urgency,efficiency,agency :
freedom,kingdom,wisdom
,or,ar,ist,ant,ent,ess(女):人、职业
painter,worker,beg(请求,乞求)—beggar(乞丐),piano-pianist,violin(小提琴)—violinist,apply—applicant,correspond(通信)—correspondent(通讯记者)actress,waiter—waitress,analyst :时期,人,关系
child—childhood,man—manbood(成年男子)neighborhood(附近,邻居关系) :
cruel—cruelty,pure—purity,activity,reality,ability,calamity :状态,行动等
move—movement,retire—retirement,state-statement,treat-treatment,judgment,punishment,argument,assignment :
dark—darkness,happy—happiness,awareness,kindness,tiredness, :学(学术类)
biology,geologyphysiologypsychology,technology :才能,状态,资格,品质
Friendship,relationship,scholar(学者)—scholarship(奖学金,学问,学识)leadership,hardship,membership,oppression,possession,education ,sion,tion,ation,ition:行为的过程,结果,状况
decide-decision,expand-expansion,alter-alteration,action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction,oppression,ambition :
measure,pressure :
grow—growth,wide—width,deep-depth,health,wealth,truth,length :
nature,mature,future,agriculture,architecture 二、动词后缀
1.-ify意为:转为,变为
class—classify(分类,分为),simple—simplify(单一化,简单化),
2.-ize;(美)ise,(英)-en:使……,……化,变得……
deep—deepen(加深,深化),fast(紧的,牢的)—fasten(扎牢,扣住) (现代人)—modernise/modernize(<主英>=modernize)
popular(通俗的,流行的,受欢迎的)—popularise/popularize(<主英>=popularize) 3.-ate:增加,使……
originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate,dictate独裁,使…听写(dict-词根:说。“独裁”和“使…听写”的核心含义就是“说”,ate无非是整个单词中表示词性的成分。)
finish完成(fine-词根:终止。比如:final-最后的,al-形容词后缀;finish-完成,ish-动词后缀。)
三、形容词后缀:
,ible:能……的;可以……的
question(疑问)—questionable(可疑的),apply(采用、应用)applicable(可采用的,适用的)
:有……属性的,……类型的
nature(自然)—natural(自然的),structure(结构,构造)—structural(结构的,建筑的),casual ,ent
differ—different,please(满足的,使满足)—pleasant(令人愉快的,舒适的) :材质
gold(黄金,金币)—golden(金色的,金黄色的)wood(木材)—wooden(木制的) :充满,有
care(注意,照料)—careful(小心的,仔细的)pain(痛苦,疼)—painful(疼痛的,使痛苦的)
11.ic,ical:……类的 atom(原子)—atomic(原子的,原子能的)psychology(心理学,心理状态)—psychological(心理(上)的)electronic,economic,linguistic,physical,logical (倾向)
girl(女孩,少女)—girlish(少女的,少女似的(男孩))child(孩子)—childish(孩子气的,幼稚的)
,sive:有……属性的;有某种倾向的
create(创造)—creative(创造性的)support(支援,支柱)—supportive(支持的,支援的)effective,expensive :没有,无
hope(希望,信心)—hopeless(没有希望的,绝望的)
pain(痛苦,疼,痛,劳苦,努力,使痛苦)—painless(无痛的,不痛的) :富含……的;有……品质的;像……的
danger(危险)—dangerous(危险的),poison(毒药,败坏道德之事,毒害,毒害,败坏,使中毒,放毒,下毒)—poisonous(有毒的)
:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;havingthequalityof) tire(劳累,厌倦)—tiresome(无聊的,烦人的),trouble(烦恼,麻烦)—troublesome(麻烦的,讨厌的)handsome
guilt(罪行,内疚)—guilty(犯罪的,有罪的),noise(喧闹声,噪声)—noisy(吵杂
的,聒噪的)fun-funny
意为:有……的,完成、被动
organized,please-pleased,boiled,fried,overprotected
coast(海岸)-coastal(沿海的),mentalenvironmental,experimental, :行为,结果
exposure,pressure,failure,procedure
educational,international,personal 22ial
initial,potential,financial,social,martialart(武术) 四、副词后缀
1.-ly:以……方式
easy(容易的)—easily(容易地,不费力地),heavy(重的,繁重的)—heavily(很重地,沉重地)mentally 2.-ward(s):表示方式或动作的方向
east(东方,东)—eastward(s)(向东,向东的,朝东的)
north(北,北方)—northward(s)(向北,向北的),upward,downward, 3.-wise:按照……方式
clock(时钟)—clockwise(顺时针方向的,顺时针方向地) other(其他的,另外的)—otherwise(另外,不同地)
练习:写出下列单词的词性,以及推测其意思
correspond:符合,一致,通信,相应
correspondence,correspondent,correspondingly, organize:组织
organization,organizer,organized, beautify accountant
boar:寄宿-boarder traveler
extend:延伸,扩大
extensive,extension,extensible detailed
Young年轻的-youth parental analytic essential
interact:相互作用-interactive