本科生毕业设计（论文）
摘 要
本设计的题目为“辽宁工学院综合教学楼变电所扩大初步设计”。设计的主要内容包括：10/0.4kV变电所主变压器选择；变电所电气主接线设计；短路电流计算；负荷计算；无功功率补偿；电气设备选择（母线、高压断路器、隔离开关、电流互感器、电压互感器、避雷器和补偿电容器）；配电装置设计；继电保护规划设计；防雷保护设计等。
根据电气主线设计应满足可靠性、灵活性、经济性的要求，本变电所电气主接线的高压侧采用单母线接线，低压侧采用单母线分段的电气主接线形式；对低压侧负荷的统计计算采用需要系数法；为减少无功损耗，提高电能的利用率， 本设计进行了无功功率补偿设计，使功率因数从0.69提高到0.9；短路电流的计算包括短路点的选择及其具体数值计算；而电气设备选择采用了按额定电流选择，按短路电流计算的结果进行校验的方法；继电保护设计主要是对变压器进行电流速断保护和过电流保护的设计计算；配电装置采用成套配电装置；本变电所采用避雷针防直击雷保护。
本设计十分注重运用我国电气设计的新技术和新的设备，实用性及强，考虑到是实际工程的应用，便以通俗易懂的语言进行阐述。
关键词：变电所设计；电气主接线；继电保护
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
The design on the topic of \substation expansion preliminary design.\The main design elements include : 10/0.4kV main transformer substation choice; Electrical Substation main wiring design; Short-circuit current calculation; Load Calculation; Reactive power compensation; Electrical Equipment (bus, HV circuit breakers, isolation switches, current transformer and voltage transformer, and compensation capacitor MOA); Distribution Equipment
According to the main line of electrical design should meet the reliability, flexibility, economy requirements, The substation main electrical wiring High Side single-bus wiring, low voltage side of the single-bus above the main electrical wiring form; the low-pressure side load calculated using the statistical needs coefficient; To reduce the reactive power loss, increased energy utilization, The design of reactive power compensation design, power factor from 0.69 to 0.9; short-circuit current calculations include short-circuit point for the selection and specific numerical calculation; and electrical equipment chosen by the choice of rated current, short-circuit current calculation by the results of the calibration methods; relay design of the main transformer Current Protection and over-current protection design; distribution installations complete set of power distribution equipment; The substation using direct lightning stroke prevention lightning protection.
The design is very close attention to the use of our electrical design of the new technology and new equipment, practical and strong, Taking into account the actual application, in a user-friendly language to describe it.
Key words：: substation design; Electrical wiring; Relay .
design; relay Planning and Design; Lightning protection design.
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
目 录
前言 ........................................................................................................................ VI 第1章 毕业设计概述 ............................................................................................ 1
1.1 毕业设计题目 ........................................................................................... 1 1.2 毕业设计目的 ........................................................................................... 1 1.3毕业设计内容 ............................................................................................ 1 第2章 负荷计算 .................................................................................................... 2
2.1负荷概述 .................................................................................................... 2 2.2负荷计算 .................................................................................................... 2 第3章 无功功率补偿 ............................................................................................ 7
3.1并联电力电容器补偿 ................................................................................ 7 3.2无功补偿容量的计算 ................................................................................ 7 第4章 主变压器选择 ............................................................................................ 9
4.1变电所变压器容量、台数、型号选择 .................................................... 9
4.1.1变压器容量 ..................................................................................... 9 4.1.2主变压器台数和型号 ..................................................................... 9 4.1.3主变压器确定 ............................................................................... 10 4.2干式变压器的结构 .................................................................................. 10 4.3干式变压器的特点 .................................................................................. 11 4.4干式变压器的使用注意事项 .................................................................. 11 第5章 变电所电气主接线 .................................................................................. 12
5.1对电气主接线的基本要求和原则 .......................................................... 12
5.1.1电气主接线的基本要求 ............................................................... 12 5.1.2电气主接线的原则 ....................................................................... 12 5.2电气主接线设计程序 .............................................................................. 13 5.3主接线设计 .............................................................................................. 14 第6章 短路计算 .................................................................................................. 18
6.1短路概述 .................................................................................................. 18 6.2造成短路原因 .......................................................................................... 18 6.3短路危害 .................................................................................................. 18 6.4短路计算 .................................................................................................. 19
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
第7章 电气设备选择与校验 .............................................................................. 23
7.1电气设备及分类 ...................................................................................... 23 7.2电气设备选择与校验 .............................................................................. 23 7.3高压断路器选择与校验 .......................................................................... 24
7.3.1高压断路器的选择 ....................................................................... 24 7.3.2高压断路器的校验 ....................................................................... 25 7.4隔离开关选择与校验 .............................................................................. 26
7.4.1隔离开关原理与类型 ................................................................... 26 7.4.2隔离开关运行与维护 ................................................................... 26 7.4.3隔离开关的校验 ........................................................................... 26 7.5互感器选择与校验 .................................................................................. 27
7.5.1互感器应用 ................................................................................... 27 7.5.2电流互感器原理与结构 ............................................................... 28 7.5.3电流互感器校验 ........................................................................... 29 7.6电压互感器 .............................................................................................. 30
7.6.1电压互感器原理 ........................................................................... 30 7.7母线选择与校验 ...................................................................................... 31
7.7.1 母线的选择 .................................................................................. 31 7.7.2母线校验 ....................................................................................... 32
第8章 继电保护 .................................................................................................. 33
8.1继电保护 .................................................................................................. 33
8.1.1对继电保护的基本要求 ............................................................... 33 8.1.2继电保护原理 ............................................................................... 33 8.2过电流与速断保护整定值的计算 .......................................................... 34
8.2.1过电流整定值计算 ....................................................................... 34 8.2.2速断保护整定值计算 ................................................................... 36
第9章 配电装置 .................................................................................................. 38
9.1对配电装置的基本要求 .......................................................................... 38 9.2配电装置的类型 ...................................................................................... 38 9.3配电装置的应用 ...................................................................................... 38 9.4配电装置的设计步骤 .............................................................................. 39 第10章 防雷保护设计 ........................................................................................ 42
10.1雷电过电压 ............................................................................................ 42 10.2雷电的危害 ............................................................................................ 42
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
10.3防雷保护装置 ........................................................................................ 42 10.4防雷设计 ................................................................................................ 43 10.5防雷保护计算 ........................................................................................ 43 总 结 ...................................................................................................................... 47 参考文献 ................................................................................................................ 48 致谢 ........................................................................................................................ 49 附录Ⅰ .................................................................................................................... 50 附录Ⅱ .................................................................................................................... 55
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电气工程自动化专业（毕业论文）
