2020-2021年情态动词测试题
一、单项选择情态动词
1.Students ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation. A.would 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:学生们必须呆在自己的座位上,直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意,“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务,用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。
B.shall
C.will
D.could
2.—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him. —His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far. A.mustn’t C.wouldn’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:——我有重要的事情要告诉John,但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿,所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知,此处是对过去的一种猜测,此处是表达不可能……,用can’t have done。故选D。
B.needn’t D.can’t
3.Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A.need have practised C.must have practised 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。
B.might practise D.could practise
4.The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm. A.should have avoided C.could have avoided 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
B.should be avoided D.could have been avoided
考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”,且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。 【点睛】
情态动词+ have done结构:
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He can't have finished the work so soon. 3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could。如:They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余。如:I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如: You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有) He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)
6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
5.One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school. A.might C.shall 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意:我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做……”,结合句意可知C正确。
B.could D.will
6.---He was satisfied with the result, wasn't he? ---No. It was so difficult that he __________have passed it. A.shouldn't C.couldn' t 【答案】C 【解析】
B.mustn't D.wouldn't
【详解】
考查情态动词。A. shouldn't 不应该;B. mustn't禁止,不允许;C. couldn' t 不可能;D. wouldn't不会。句意:---他对结果很满意,是吗? ---不。考试太难了,他不可能通过。固定结构:couldn' t have done“不可能做某事”,此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。 【点睛】
情态动词+ have done结构:
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如:He can't have finished the work so soon. 3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如:They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如:I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如: You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有) He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)
6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如: I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
7.The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class. A.should they C.dare they 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,排除B、D项;这里表示应该,故选A。
B.they should D.they dare
8.Lack of sleep _______ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth. A.shall
B.must
C.should
D.can
【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。
9.—________ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.
—Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window. A.Would C.Must 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:——那位抱小孩的女士,要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。——谢谢,实际上我有座位的,只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求,征求对方的意见,Shall提问一般只用于第一人称,我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we;may表示请求对方允许。故选A。 【点睛】 would的用法
1.would 最常见的用法是:相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么,比如:He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said (过去说)之后要做的事情。又如:She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想,她得找个人帮忙。
B.Shall D.May
10.It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A.may 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意:一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的,因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能;B. can可能;C. must一定;D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的,非常有把握的肯定推测,故选C。
B.can
C.must
D.should
11.I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A.mustn’t C.wouldn’t 【答案】B 【解析】
B.needn’t D.shouldn’t
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:我喜欢周末,因为周六周日不必早起。A. mustn’t不能,禁止;B. needn’t不必;C. wouldn’t不会;D. shouldn’t不应该。此处表示“不必”,故B项正确。
12.It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus. A.shall 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒,这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁,故选A项。
B.will
C.need
D.may
13.No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver ____________ obey in our country. A.will C.may 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:考察情态动词。A. 将要 B.将要 C.可能D.可以。Will 表示请求、建议、意志、愿望和决心。Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对话的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。May表示请求和允许;用于祈使句表示决心;表示推测、可能性。Can表示能力;请求和允许。句意:酒后驾车是每一位驾车者在我们国家应当遵守的规则。故选B。 考点:考察情态动词
B.shall D.can
14.-- Did Jim come?
-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out. A.might have come C.must have come 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词推测用法。句意:Jim来了吗?--我不知道,在我不在的时候,可能来过。根据前文I don’t know.可知,说话者不知道Jim来没来,因此后文推测来过,但是语气很不确定,故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done,must have done 一定做了某事,should have done 应该来过,不符合,故选A。 【点睛】
情态动词+have+过去分词的用法,表示推测或判断过去的情况。
B.might come D.should have come