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小学英语语法大全整理版

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10、after (时间上)在……之后;依照 固定搭配: after class(课后),after school(放学后),look after(照看),run after(追赶),read after me(跟我读)

11、between 在两者之间 如:There are some trees between Building A and Building B.

12、by 乘某种交通工具 如:by bus,by plane,by the way(顺便说一下)

13、from

①be from = come from(来自……) 如:Mr Smiths is/comes from Australia. ②from…to…(从……到……)We go to school from Monday to Friday.

14、to 到、去…… 如:Let?s go to the zoo. 固定搭配:write to(给xx写信)

15、about 关于;大约

如: I want to buy a book about animals. It?s about one kilometer away.

16、for 为、给…… 如:Here?s a letter for you. What?s for breakfast?

固定搭配:look for (寻找),wait for(等候)

17、with

①与……一起。如:I?ll go shopping with my mother. ②具有某种特征。如:Who?s the boy with big eyes?

③help... with... 在某方面帮助某人 如: Can you help me with my English? ④play with... 和……一起玩;拿……玩 如:play with me,play with a yo-yo

18、in front of 在……前面 如:There is a tree in front of the classroom. in the front of 在……前部 如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.

19、along 沿着,顺着 如:Go along this street.

20、as 作为 如:What would you like as a birthday present?

21、out of 从……出来;往……之外 如:The dog is running out of the house.

22、of ……的,属于…… 如:a map of China ,a map of the world

23、off 离开,在……之外 如:keep off the grass(勿踏草坪),get off(下车)

24、up 向上 如:stand up(起立),pull up carrots(拔胡萝卜)

25、down 向下 如:sit down(坐下), jump up and down(上下跳)

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第9讲 数词

1、基数词:表示数目多少。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty 21 22 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 twenty-one twenty-two thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred 注意:数字“0”可以读作“zero”,也可以读作字母“o”。 2、序数词:表示顺序先后。 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth 21st 22nd 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th twenty-first twenty-second thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 10th tenth 基数词变序数词记忆口诀:第一、二、三要全变,① 其余“th”加后边,“th”里有例外,② 你需格外记明白:八减t,九减e,③ 字母f代ve,④ t y变成t i e。⑤

①one——first,two——second,three——third。

②four------fourth,seven--------seventh,hundred------hundredth。 ③eight——eighth,nine—ninth。

④five--------fifth,twelve--------twelfth。

⑤twenty-------twentieth,sixty-------sixtieth。

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第10讲 连词

连词,顾名思义,是一种起连接作用的词。

1、and “和”,表示并列关系。

如:There are some desks and chairs in the classroom.

2、but “但是”,表示转折关系。

如:You can skate well, but I can?t .

3、or “还是”,表示选择关系。

如:Would you like a glass of milk or a cup of tea?

注 意:在疑问句或否定句中,当表示并列关系时,不用and,而用or。 如:Do you have any brothers or sisters?

I don?t have any brothers or sisters.

4、than “比”,表示对比关系。

如:Su Hai jumps farther than Su Yang.

5、because “因为”,表示因果关系。

如:I like summer best because I can go swimming.

6、so “所以”,表示结果关系。

如:Helen was ill , so she didn?t go to school yesterday.

第11讲 动词

动词是表示动作或行为的词。按其词义和在句子中的作用可以分为连系动词、助动词、情态动词和行为动词。 1、be动词(am,is,are)

① be动词做谓语时,要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

用法口诀: 我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;

单数名词用is,复数名词全用are. 变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃 变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记 疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑

如:I am a teacher. You are a student. She is a nurse. We are Chinese.

② be动词的否定形式:am not(无缩写形式),is not=isn?t,are not=aren?t

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2、助动词(do,does,did)

① do,does用于一般现在时,does用于第三人称单数,其他人称和数用do。其过去式did用于一般过去时。他们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。助动词后动词要用原形。 如:Do you like this film?

Does she like playing football? I didn?t go to school yesterday.

② 否定形式:do not = don?t,does not =doesn?t,did not=didn?t

3、情态动词(can,may,must,should,will,would,shall等)

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,表示“可能”,“可以”,“需要”,“必须”,“应当”等意思。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面的动词要用原形。

1)can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许,但may比can更正式,更客气些。 如: Can I use your pen? May I come in?

2)must和should

① must意为“必须,应当”,含有一种命令的语气,比较生硬,不容商量。 ② should意为“应当,应该”,表示建议或劝告,语气比较委婉,客气。 如:You must finish your homework before you go to bed. You should stay in bed and have a good rest.

3)will和would用于疑问句,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用would比will更委婉,更客气。如:Will you please open the window? Would you like some coffee? 注意区别:

I?d like… 我想要……(接名词) 如:I?d like some tea.

I?d like to… 我想要做……(接动词原形)如:I?d like to go with you.

I like… 我喜欢……(接名词或动名词)如:I like monkeys. I like reading.

4) shall 在问句中表示征求对方的意见,主要用于第一人称。

如:Shall we go there by bus?

5)否定形式:can?t,may not,mustn?t,shouldn?t,wouldn?t,shall not

4、行为动词

行为动词也叫实意动词,是具有实际意义的动词。如run(跑), jump(跳), listen(听),sing(唱),eat(吃),think(想)等。 行为动词在句子中有人称和时态的变化。 在英语中,不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,需要用不同的动词形式来表现,这就叫时态。

一 般 现 在 时

<—————————————+————————————>

一般过去时 现在进行时 一般将来时

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第12讲 一般现在时

1、定义:

表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually,often,every day,sometimes,always,at weekends,on Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。 2、构成:

1)当谓语是be动词时,一般现在时的构成:主语+be动词+其他 如:I am a student. He is Jim?s father. They are from Japan.

2)当谓语是行为动词时,一般现在时的构成:

①主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其他

如:I often watch TV at the weekends.

Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps.

②主语(第三人称单数)+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他 如:Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays.

She sometimes goes to the park with her mother.

3、动词三单形式的变化规则:

① 一般情况下,直接加s 如:read-reads,swim-swims

② 以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加es 如:wash-washes,watch-watches,do-does ③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es 如:study-studies,fly-flies ④ 不规则变化 如:have-has

4、一般现在时的句型转换: 肯定句 否定句 They watch TV every day. 一般疑问句及回答 They don’t watch TV —Do they watch TV every day? every day. —Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. She watches TV She doesn’t watch — Does she watch TV every day? every day. TV every day. —Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.

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小学英语语法大全整理版

10、after(时间上)在……之后;依照固定搭配:afterclass(课后),afterschool(放学后),lookafter(照看),runafter(追赶),readafterme(跟我读)11、between在两者之间如:TherearesometreesbetweenBuildingAandBu
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