煤矿井下固定式避难硐室建设标准

relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)--scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard vols \hen in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)--line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)--plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphiume (unitcs of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table ...和煤矿井下固定式避难硐室建设标准

1适用范围

本标准规定了煤矿井下固定式避难硐室（以下简称避难硐室）的设计、装备、管理等要求。 本标准适用于井工煤矿，包括新建和改、扩建矿井。 2编制依据

《煤炭工业矿井设计规范》GB50215—2005 《煤矿安全规程》2010年版 《防治煤与瓦斯突出规定》2009年版 《矿山救护规程》2009年版

国家煤矿安全监察局《煤矿井下避难所试点建设基本要求》（煤安监司办2010第9号）

国家安全监管总局国家煤矿安监局关于《建设完善煤矿井下安全避险“六大系统”的通知》（安监总煤装〔修2010〕146号） 3基本要求

3.1矿井应根据井下作业人员和巷道断面等情况，结合矿井避灾路线，合理选择和布置避难硐室或移动式救生舱。

3.2有突出煤层的采区应设置采区避难硐室，设置位置应当根据实际情况确定，但必须设置在防逆流风门外的进风流中。煤与瓦斯突出矿井以外的其他矿井，从采掘工作面步行，凡在自救器所能提供的额定防护时间内不能安全撤到地面的，必须在距离采掘工作面1000米范围内建设避难硐室或救生舱

突出煤层的掘进巷道长度及采煤工作面走向长度超过500米时，必须在距离工作面500米范围内建设避难硐室或设置救生舱。

3.3避难硐室的额定人数，应满足所服务区域内同时工作的最多人员的避难需要，并考虑不低于5％的富裕系数。其中，采区避难硐室至少满足15人的避难需求。

3.4避难硐室的设置应避开地质构造带、应力异常区以及透水威胁区，并要求尽量布置于岩层中，且顶板完整、支护完好，前后20m范围内应采用不燃性材料支护，符合安全出口的相关要求。

3.5井下避难硐室应具备安全防护、氧气供给、有害气体处理、温湿度控制、避难硐室内外环境参数监测、通讯、照明及指示、基本生存保障等功能，保证在无任何外部支持的情况下维持避难硐室内额定避险人员生存96h以上。

3.6矿井避灾路线图应包含井下所有避难硐室设置情况。避难硐室应有清晰、醒目的标识牌，并悬挂于避难

relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)--scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard vols \hen in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)--line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)--plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphiume (unitcs of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table ...和硐室外。标识牌中应明确标注避难硐室位置和规格、种类，井巷中应有避难硐室方位的明显标示，以便灾变时遇险人员能够迅速到达避难硐室。

3.7避难硐室内应有简明、易懂的使用和操作步骤说明，以指导遇险人员正确使用避难设施，安全避险。 4设计要求

4.1避难硐室净高不低于2m，长度、深度根据同时避难最多人数以及避难硐室内配置的各种装备来确定，每人应有不低于0.5m2的面积。

4.2避难硐室的形状宜采用半圆拱形，内部顶板和墙壁的颜色为浅色，以减轻受困人员的心里压力。 4.3避难硐室应设置与外界相通的单向排气管，室内一侧的管口靠近避难硐室底板。

4.4避难硐室顶板应安装防水设施，不得有滴水现象。硐室地面应高于巷道底板0.2m，硐室内应设置单向排水管。

4.5避难硐室内应设计承重挂钩，以方便设备安装。 4.6避难硐室外20米范围内不应堆放易燃物品。

4.7避难硐室应采用向外开启的2道隔离门结构，以形成风障。隔离门不低于反向风门的标准，高不小于1.5m，宽不小于0.8m。密封可靠，开闭灵活。隔离门上应设置观察窗。

4.8隔离门墙体周边掏槽，深度不小于0.2m，或见硬顶、硬帮，墙体用强度不低于C25的混凝土浇筑，并与岩体接实。

4.9压风、供水及信号传输管线在进入避难硐室前应埋设于巷底或巷壁，或采取其他措施保护，确保在灾变发生时不被破坏。埋设或保护距离在避难硐室设计中明确，但至少不得低于200米。

4.10避难硐室应根据不同岩性采用锚喷、砌碹等方式支护，支护材料应阻燃、抗静电、耐高温、耐腐蚀。 4.11在井下通往避难硐室的入口处应有“避难硐室”的反光显示标志,标志应符合AQ1017-2005标准要求。 5功能及配置

5.1避难硐室内部与外部巷道相比始终处于不低于200Pa的正压状态，防止有毒有害气体渗入。 5.2避难硐室应配备矿井灾变期间的空气供给装置或设施，在额定防护时间内提供避险人员人均供风量不低于0.3m3/min，氧气浓度在18.5%～22.0%之间。避难硐室氧气供给应以压风为主，接入矿井压风管路，设有减压装置和带有阀门控制的呼吸嘴，也可以大直径钻孔直通地面。

5.3避难硐室采用压缩空气供氧方式时，可不考虑空气净化和调节；采用压缩氧供气时，应具备对有毒有害气体的处理能力和空气调节控制能力，对CO2的吸收（排除）能力不低于每人0.5L/min，对CO的吸收（排除）能力不低于400ppm/h，在额定防护时间内，避难硐室环境参数应符合表1规定。 表1

relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)--scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard vols \hen in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applicatingineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)--line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)--plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphiume (unitcs of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, ons econe cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table ...和项目 指标

O2 CO CO2 <1.0% CH4 ≤1.0% 温度 33℃±2℃ 湿度 ≤85% 18.5%～23.0% ≤24X10-6 5.4避难硐室内应配备隔绝式自救器，自救器使用时间不低于45min，配备数量不低于额定人数的1.2倍。 5.5避难硐室内应配备正压氧气呼吸器，呼吸器使用时间不低于2h,数量2～4台。

5.6避难硐室应设置内外环境参数检测仪器，至少应对避难硐室内的CO、CO2、O2、CH4，避难硐室外的CO、O2、CH4、CO2、温度等进行检测或监测。在避难硐室设置井下作业人员管理终端，各种探头与矿井监控系统联网运行。

5.7避难硐室应设有与矿井调度室直通的电话，保证灾变期间通讯可靠。

5.8避难硐室应配备在额定防护时间内额定人员生存所需要的食品和饮用水，食品不少于2000kJ/人·天，饮用水不少于0.5L/人·天。避难硐室具备直通地面的大直径钻孔时，可不配备。

5.9避难硐室应采用一体式矿灯照明，并储备逃生用一体式矿灯，数量不少于额定人数的25%。 5.10避难硐室配备急救箱、工具箱、人体排泄物收集处理装置等设施设备。

5.11避难硐室用电气设备、高压容器、仪器仪表、化学药剂等，应符合相关产品标准的规定和国家有关管理要求，纳入安全标志管理的设备应取得矿用产品安全标志。 5.12在两道隔离门之间设置喷淋装置。 5.13避难硐室基本装备配置见表2。 序 号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 产品名称 矿用隔爆型备用电池箱 矿用隔爆兼本安直流稳压电源 矿用隔爆型空气循环净化装置 矿用防爆空调装置 压缩氧供气系统 红外甲烷传感器 氧气传感器 一氧化碳传感器 温度传感器 红外二氧化碳传感器 型号 KDDxxxx l KDWxxxx FBFN0xxx ZSK-xx/380 主要技术参数 定制 定制 定制 定制 定制 备注 压缩氧供气时选用 压缩氧供气时选用 压缩氧供气时选用 GJG100H（A） 测量范围：0～100% GHY25 测量范围0～25% GTH500（B） 测量范围0～500PPm GW50(A) GRG5H 测量范围0～50℃ 测量范围0～5% relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)--scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard vols \hen in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)--line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)--plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphiume (unitcs of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table ...和11 12 13 14 作业人员管理系统终端 矿用红外摄像仪 矿用电话 自动苏生器 KJ251 SBT127/220G MZS-30 符合MT/T 289 的有关规定。 自动肺换气量调整范围：12～ 25L/min,呼吸阀供气量：＞15L/min,吸痰器吸引压力(-60～-3)kPa 15 16 隔绝式压缩氧自救器 压风自救器 ZY45 ZY-J 额定保护时间45分钟 输出压力调整范围：0.09Mpa,单 个装置耗气量150～200L/min 17 隔绝式正压氧气呼吸器 HYC120HY4 或正压式，有效防护时间2～4h 18 集便器 自带集便箱，脚踏式打包，材质 不锈钢 19 矿用防爆日光灯 符合GB3836-2000,IEC-60079S标 准要求 20 21 22 矿灯 食品及饮用水 急救箱、担架、工具箱 KL2M（A） 符合食品卫生有关规定 5.13避难硐室布置示意图见图1。

图1避难硐室布置示意图

relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)--scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard vols \hen in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applicatingineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)--line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)--plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphiume (unitcs of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, ons econe cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table ...和

1、隔离门2、喷淋系统3、药品食品柜4、供水管5、压风管6、人员管理系统终端7、压风自救器箱8、座椅9、压缩氧供气系统10、担架11、环境参数监测仪器12、矿用荧光灯13、空气过滤系统14、防爆空调15、电源箱16、矿用红外摄像仪17、集便器18、排水管19、排气管20、自救器及工具柜 6管理与维护

6.1避难硐室应专门设计并编制施工措施，报矿井总工程师审批后施工；竣工后由安全副矿长组织通风、安全及生产部门相关人员进行验收，合格后才能投入使用。

6.2矿井建立避难硐室管理制度，设专人管理，每周检查一次。按相关规定对其配套设施、设备进行维护、保养或调校，发现问题及时处理，确保设施完好可靠。

6.3避难硐室配备的食品和急救药品，过期或失效的必须及时更换。 6.4避难硐室保持常开状态，确保灾变时人员可以及时进入。

6.5矿井应对入井人员进行避难硐室使用的培训，每年组织一次避难硐室使用演练，确保每位入井员工都能正确使用避难硐室及其配套设施。