小升初英语语法复习要点讲解和练习
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以o结尾，有生命+es,无生命+s (口诀：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿土豆） 如：有生命： heroes，negro es,tomatoes, potatoes, 无生命：photos,pianos，zoos,radios
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 5．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives life-lives, leaf-leaves 6. 不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women mouse-mice, child-children,
foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese 7.单复数同形：
Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, police-police, people-people, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish, cattle-cattle (口诀：中日警察好友来聚会，鹿羊鱼牛把家回）
写出下列各词的复数
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ 二．数词
基数词 1. 1-20。
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty。
2. 21-99，先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。如： 23→twenty-three 34→thirty-four 45→forty-five 56→fifty-six 67→sixty-seven 78→seventy-eight 89→eighty-nine 91→ninety-one 序数词
1. 一般在基数词后加th。如： four→fourth
thirteen→thirteenth 2. 不规则变化： one→first two→second
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three→third five→fifth eight→eighth nine→ninth twelve→twelfth
3. 以y结尾的，变y为ie再加th。如： twenty→twentieth forty→fortieth ninety→ninetieth
4. 基数词转为序数词的口诀： 基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。
一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d。 八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。
如果以y来结尾，先变y成ie，th最后加上去。 若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。
三．介词
at
? At+时间点。(在某时刻、时间等)。如:
例如: at 1: 00
? 固定搭配：at dawn，midnight，night, noon (在黎明、午夜、晚上、中午)
on
on +具体日期。如:
on April 4th (在4月4日)。 注：关于\在周末\的几种表示法: at (on) the weekend (在周末-特指) at (on) weekends (在周末-泛指) over the weekend (在整个周末)
in
In+ \时间段\、\时期\。如: in 1988 (在一九八八年) in December(在12月) in winter (在冬天) 口诀：in 年，in 月，in四季
on再具体某一天 at后面加时间
动词的四种时态
过去发生：一般过去时
现在发生：现在进行时、一般现在时 将来发生：一般将来时
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！加油，少年
四. 一般现在时 1. 一般现在时的用法
（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 （2）表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
2.一般现在时的标志词: (频率副词) often, sometimes, usually, always, never, every day/month/week.. 3.一般现在时的构成
（1）be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
（2）行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加\或\。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 4.一般现在时的变化 （1） be动词的变化。 ? 否定句：（be动词后面加not）主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 ? 一般疑问句：（be动词提前） Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. ? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? （2）行为动词的变化。
? 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要借助doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. ? 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，借助does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 5. 动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则
（1）一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks （2）以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾(哦，四尺西施），加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes （3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies (4)不规则变形：have-has 一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 7. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
8. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 9. Mike _______(like) cooking.
10. They _______(have) the same hobby.
11. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 12. You always _______(do) your homework well.
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13. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
14. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 15. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
16. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
17. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _____________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_______________________ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_________________________ 6. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)______________
7. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_____________________
8. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)____________________ 9. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)___________________________ 五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 2. He likes play games after class. __________________ 3. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
4. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
五．现在进行时
1．用法：表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．标志词：look, listen, now, at this moment(在此时） 3．基本结构：be(am/is/are)+动词ing. 4．否定句: 在be后加not。
5．一般疑问句: 把be动词调到句首。
6.动词加ing的变化规则(口诀：直去双改）
(1)直：直接在后面加上ing, 如doing, going, working, singing, eating。 (2)去：以e 结尾的动词，去e再加ing ，如having, writing。
(3)双：以重读闭音节结尾，并且末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing。如：running, swimming, sitting, getting。
(4)改：以ie结尾的动词，改ie为y,再加ing 如：lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying 现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ ski___________read________ have_________ sing________ dance_________put_________ see________
buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
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8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music. 9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes now? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
3. I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
六．一般将来时
1. 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2. 时间标志语：tomorrow，next...，(next week/month/weekend)， this afternoon， the day after tomorrow（后天），soon（不久）
3.基本结构：①主语+be going to + do（动词原形）； I am going to
He/she/it is going to They are going to
②主语+will+ do（动词原形）. I/he/she/it/they will do
4.否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或will后加not成won’t。
否定句：主语+ will not/be not going to + do
如：I will go swimming tomorrow.→I will not/won’t go swimming tomorrow.
I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 5. 一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
疑问句：Will + 主语 + do?
Be + 主语 + going to do?
如：We will go swimming tomorrow.→Will you go swimming tomorrow?
We are going to have a picnic this weekend. → Are you going to have a picnic this weekend?
6. 一般将来时注意的问题：
1）will 和 be going to 不要混合起来用，不会出现will be going to, be will going to, will going to 的 2）will 没有人称变化,而 be going to 有人称变化 3）不会出现was/were going to 的情况
7. 对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1) 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon? 2) 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?
3)问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
8.同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！加油，少年
小升初英语语法复习要点讲解和练习
