2020版高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解阅读提速练(三)

B．Her further research into heart disease. C．The failure of her career after graduation. D．The health state of people in her hometown.

答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。第二段提到Ayers-Elliott毕业后回到家乡，看到到处有高血压、糖尿病、肥胖症和心脏病的报道，而且很多人身体极不健康，却没有人对此进行研究，并且这里人们的很多健康问题都源于不良饮食，因此她决定建立Foot Print Farms，故选D项。

9．Why does the author take the football team as an example? A．To advocate the concept of independence. B．To stress the importance of teamwork. C．To support the idea of co-op model. D．To explore the key to success.

答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句Ayers-Elliott谈到了其成功的关键在于合作社模式，他们共同工作，共享回报；紧接着举Wingfield High School football team的例子正是为了支持这一观点，故选C。

10．What is Ayers-Elliott's attitude towards the future of Foot Print Farms? A．Optimistic. B．Skeptical. C．Cautious. D．Ambiguous.

答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I'm looking forward to... and spin it off in other communities”和“She is now looking forward to... they can sow in their own communities when they return home”可知，Ayers-Elliott对Food Print Farms的发展充满期待。由此可推知，她对Foot Print Farms的未来持乐观的态度，故选A项。

11．What is the main idea of the text?

A．Naturally grown food benefits people's health.

B．Food Print Farms is making a difference in Mississippi. C．Ayers-Elliott encourages people to experience the farm life. D．Agritourism is becoming increasingly popular in America.

答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Foot Print Farms的情况——生产新鲜、自然生长的食物，采用合作社模式，这对改善Ayers-Elliott家乡当地人的饮食有很大作用，故选B项。

D

[2019·邯郸一模]Britain faces social problems as lots of people are set to lose their jobs in technological revolution, Bank of England's chief economist warned.

Andy Haldane said the so-called Fourth Industrial Revolution will make the

machine replace humans to do thinking things.The dark side of the change could be a much bigger breakdown of employment than in Victorian times, with professions such as accountancy (会计) among those at risk.

A report by the accountancy firm PwC last month warned that more than 7 million jobs in Britain had been lost over the next 20 years as technological change sweeps through workplaces.

The majority of these are in jobs in the retail, transport and manufacturing industries. However, other traditional professional sectors could also be at serious risk.

Economists treat the arrival of increasingly intelligent computers and robots as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The first was the shift from agricultural to urban societies. The second saw the widespread use of electricity and steel, and the third was the digital revolution when computers, the Internet and mobile phones were developed.

Mr. Haldane said the hollowing-out (空洞化) experienced in the past years could be on a greater scale in the future, so it is important to learn the lessons of history and insure that people are given training to take advantage of new opportunities.

“Jobs were effectively taken by machines of various types, there was a hollowing-out of the job market, which left many people for a long period out of work and struggling to make a living，” Haldane added, “That heightened social and financial tensions, and led to a rise in inequality. This is the dark side of technological revolution.”

“That hollowing-out is going to be potentially on a much greater scale in the future, when we have machines thinking and doing the cognitive and technical skills of humans.” Mr. Haldane said professions like accountancy could be among those hardest hit by the rise of AI. But he suggested economists could escape.

体裁：说明文 题材：社会文化 主题：新技术革命带来的经济影响

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新技术革命给经济领域带来了很大影响，会产生严重的失业问题。同时，本文也鼓励人们应该把握新的机遇去创造更多的就业机会。

【难句分析】 Mr. Haldane said the hollowing-out experienced in the past years could be on a greater scale in the future, so it is important to learn the lessons of history and insure that people are given training to take advantage of new opportunities.

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。said后面是一个省略that的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句

中“the hollowing-out experienced in the past years”充当主语；so引导结果状语从句，在这个状语从句中包含it is＋adj.＋to do sth.句式，it在这里充当形式主语，learn和insure是由and连接的两个并列的动词不定式结构。

译文：霍尔丹表示，过去几年经历的空洞化在将来的规模会更大。因此，从历史中吸取教训并确保人们在接受培训时能够把握住新的机会，这是很重要的。

12．What is the dark side mentioned in the text? A．The hollowing-out has become a major social problem. B．Less and less people have the desire to learn accountancy. C．Intelligent computers and robots decrease good workers. D．The technological revolution causes people to lose jobs.

答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Britain faces social problems as lots of people are set to lose their jobs in technological revolution”以及第二段中的“The dark side of the change could be a much bigger breakdown of employment than in Victorian times, with professions such as accountancy among those at risk.”可知，这次改变的阴暗面是将会引发比维多利亚时期更严重的就业问题，故选D项。

13．Why are economists the lucky dog in the new technological revolution? A．The study about economy is at a low level. B．Economists work on a traditional professional job. C．There is no machine that can work as an economist.

D．Economists have the chance to avoid technological revolution.

答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段可知，人们之所以会失业，是因为新技术创造出来的机器会替代人们从事的很多方面的工作。反之，经济学家能够幸免是因为目前还没有一项技术能起到他们的作用，故选C项。

14．What should be done to deal with the serious situation? A．Call for people to devote more to studying history.

B．Teach people to grasp the chances technological revolution brings about. C．Warn people not to work on transport and manufacturing industries. D．Ask workers to develop and think as the intelligent computers and robots do. 答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Mr. Haldane said the hollowing-out experienced in the past years... take advantage of new opportunities.”可知，过去经历的空洞化在将来的规模会更大，因此从历史中吸取教训并确保人们能够充分地把握住新的机会是很重要的，故选B项。

15．What attitude did Haldane have toward the future employment? A．Positive. B．Aggressive.

C．Critical. D．Worried.

答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。文章多处提到霍尔丹担心新技术革命造成人们失业的现象在未来会越来越严重。由此可知，霍尔丹对于未来的就业形势是担忧的，故选D项。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

[2019·东北三省四市模拟] Nowadays along with the booming of computer science, computers are widely used here and there. People even can find computers in most classrooms. While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability every four years. __16__ As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role and are still of great importance.

__17__ However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than human inventions programmed to perform certain tasks.

They are unable to deal with students with different backgrounds. Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most. Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldn't possibly make the roles played by them weaker.

In terms of accuracy and the amount of information, computers outshine humans. __18__ Indeed, a good teacher organizes and inspires the students.

Besides, the interaction between students and teachers is vital for the learning. According to attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show signs of frustration and impatience. __19__

Despite the increasing presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past. __20__

A．It's time that teachers should develop themselves.

B．Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable. C．Advanced as computers may be, some teachers are less important.

D．But to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia (百科全书)．

E．People can't help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.

F．Some drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms.

G．It is well known that computers are better at repetitive work but incapable

of creative thinking.

体裁：议论文 题材：教育 主题：教师会被电脑取代吗？

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。随着计算机科学的发展，电脑越来越多地被应用到课堂教学中。电脑虽然擅长重复工作，但是没有创造能力。老师的地位仍然和从前一样，是课堂教学的组织者和指导者。

16．答案与解析：E 根据空前一句可知，尽管老师几乎没有变化，但是电脑的运行速度和容量每四年就达双倍；根据后一句可知，至少我认为老师的作用仍然很重要。据此可推知，空处表示人们会对教师是否如先前一样重要产生怀疑，故E项符合语境。

17．答案与解析：G 根据空后可知，尽管电脑可能很先进，但是它们只是人们的发明，用来完成一些特定的任务。据此可知，空处应是介绍电脑的特点，即电脑擅长处理重复性的工作，但是没有创造性思维，故G项正确。

18．答案与解析：D 根据空后可知，一位优秀的老师应当能组织和鼓励学生。据此可推知，空处应是介绍对优秀老师的标准的论述，即好老师不仅仅是百科全书，故D项正确。

19．答案与解析：B 根据空前可知，老师应当观察学生态度的改变，当他们表现出没有耐心或沮丧的迹象时应当及时回应并鼓励他们，即该处陈述的是师生之间的互动。据此可知，空处应当陈述这种师生互动的重要性，故B项正确。

20．答案与解析：F 根据空前可知，尽管电脑在课堂上被推广使用，但是老师的地位仍然和以前一样重要。据此可知，空处与此对应，总结全文，说明电脑的局限性使得电脑不可能在课堂上取代老师，故F项正确。