E-LEARNING IN MALAYSIAWith special reference to Universiti Tun Abdul Razak(上).docx

E-LEARNING IN mALAYSIAwith special reference to Universiti

Tun Abdul Razak（上）

abstract

1. introduction

2. conceptualisation & rationale

3. e-learning academic modelaccess & level of technology adoptionlanguage

proficiencycostspeedinstitutional & national issuescoursewarecourse management systemvirtual librarystudy centrecall centre

4. issues and challengesapprehension in technologychanging technologycompetition with other providers of education 5. conclusion abstract

distance learning in malaysia has been in vogue for the last four decades or so. it started with the external degree programmes offered by established universities in uk such as the university of london. such programmes were popular among the working individuals who were looking for opportunities to improve themselves. this was later followed by off-campus programmes offered by a local university, namely universiti sains malaysia. a considerable number of private colleges provided special tuition for those preparing for both the external degrees and off-campus programmes. the mode of delivery was naturally print-based because of the absence of the internet at that time and most of the tuition were conducted face-to-face.

as the demand for education increased by leaps and bounds, because of the acute shortage of university places in the public institutions, and the considerable hike in tuition fees particularly in uk and usa, the country witnessed a proliferation of private institutions, especially in the early 1980’s. twinning programmes offering degrees frfom various foreign

universities became very popular because of the high value accorded to such qualifications.

the advent of internet in the early 1980’s did not however, attract e-learning instantaneously. two reasons may be suggested for such lack of

enthusiasm in e-learning. firstly, the internet was still not very stable and