专题15 特殊句式——精讲深剖
真题速递 一.单项选择
1.(2024天津高考)The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class. A. should they C. dare they 【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account决不,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,应该做should do,敢于做dare do,根据句意表示”应该“,故选A。
2. (2024北京高考)In any unsafe situation,simply the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.
A.press B.to press C.pressing 【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。根据句子结构可知,此处为祈使句,所以用动词原形。
3. (2024天津高考)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A.which B.that C.when D.where 【答案】选B。
【解析】考查强调句式。去掉题干的It was和空处后,这个句子语法结构依然完整,表示“只有当汽车停在我家房前的时候,我们才看到乘客座位上的莉莉”,因此这是一个强调句式,被强调的是“only+状语从句”,因此选B。
D.pressed
B. they should D. they dare
【方法点拨】 当题干中出现“it is/was ...that ...”句式时,考生应首先判断这个句子是不是强调句。判断的方法就是去掉强调句的外壳it is/was和that,如果去掉之后整个句子语法结构是完整的,那么这就是一个强调句式,否则就不是。 二.单句语法填空
1.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ改编)Diets have changed in China—and so too ________ its top crop. 【答案】has
【解析】该句是一个倒装句。当前面的句子是肯定句时,用“so+助动词+主语”表示“某人也……”。助动词的选用根据前面句子的谓语动词来判断。 三.单句改错
1.(2024全国II卷)They were two reasons for the decision. 【答案】they改为there
【解析】考查there be句型。句意:有两个原因可以解释这个决定。句中的they在前边句中找不到指代关系,且后边句子中的one与the other是对这两个原因的解释。故将they改为there。
考纲解读
特殊句式比较杂乱,掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点,强调句是高考的难点。同时,祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象,如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句,把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起,考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。
知识梳理 完全倒装 1.常常指时间,地点的副词及方位的副词和介词短语here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, now, then位于句首。 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.// Away flew the bird. 注意: a. 代词作主语时,主谓不倒装Here he comes. b. 此结构不用于进行时态。 2.表语提前: 形容词/过去分词/现在分词/介词短语 Included among the presents is an ipad that his father gave him. Sitting on the rock is a girl who wants to commit suicide. 部分倒装一般包括: a. 某些否定词位于句首时,如:rarely, scarcely, nowhere, no more hardly/scarcely/barely…when; no sooner …than; not only…but also…; so/ nor/ neither…;not until… b. only +副词、介词短语、状语从句位于句首作状语时. c. 在so/such…that 结构中so+adj/adv/such+n等位于句首时 So fashionable are the clothes she was wearing that she became the focus of attention. Such fashionable clothes was she wearing that she became the… 另:Such are the facts: no one can deny. d. 省略if的虚拟条件状语从句,had, were, should提前 注:not /to在原位。 e. 用于as(though)引导的让步状语从句 Search as they would/Much as he likes the bike/ Exhausted as she was f. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子 Long live Chairman Mao! May you succeed! Wish you success/successful! 1. 2 强调 It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其它句子成分 此句型的常见考点有: a.还可用It might be/ must have been/ can it be…that 等句式。 It might have been John that bought a new book for Mary . b.It was not until…that…