18.规则动词过去式的构成
(1)直接在动词后加ed,如:
clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;
(2)以e结尾的直接加d,如: dance—danced; taste—tasted;
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed,如: study—studied;carry—carried;
(4)双写词尾加ed,如: stop—stopped; jog—jogged;
不规则的有:
am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;
19.形容词副词比较级的构成
规则的:
(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er,如: small—smaller; low—lower;
(2)以e结尾的加r,如: late—larer;
(3)双写词尾加er,如:
big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;
(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er,如: heavy—heavier; early—earlier;
不规则的有:
good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much—more(最高级为most); far—farther.
20.rain与snow的用法
(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词。如:
There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。
(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:动词原形rain, snow;第三人称单数rains ,snows;现在分词raining; snowing;过去式rained; snowed;如:
①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。
②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。
③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。
④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。
(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的,如:
It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。
If it is rainy tomorrow, I'll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。
21.比较级
注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。如:
My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancy's. My brother is stronger than me.
22.have, has
表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数);There is/ are;
There was/ were 表示某地存在有;注意There be 句型的就近原则;单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were.
23.本身就是复数的词
眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。如: My glasses were on the chair just now.
但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数。如:
There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.
24.五个元音字母
分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;
25.一个的用法
a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。如:
There is an 's', a 't', a 'u', a 'd' ,an 'e', an 'n',and a 't' in the word ‘student’.
26.时间表示法
有两种:(1)直接读时钟和分钟。如:
6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;
(2)用to与past表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点。如: 6:10读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven;
过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分。如:
7:45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;
27.基数词变序数词的方法
基变序有规律,结尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,结尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth; nine—ninth; five-- fifth ;twelve—twelfth);
ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentieth;forty—fortieth);
几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。
另外强调序数词前一定要加the。
28.日期的表示法
用the+序数词+ of +月。如:
三月三日 the third of March;
12月25日 the 25th of December.
29.both和all
both 表示两者都,如: My parents are both teachers.
all表示三者以上都,如: The students are all very excited.
30.节日的表示法
有day的节日前用on,没有day的节日前用at。如:
at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year's Day.
31.激动兴奋的
excited表示激动地、兴奋地,主语是人;exciting表示令人激动的、令人兴奋的主语是事情。如:
The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。
32.比较
两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级。如:
Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does.谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。
Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。
Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。
33.动词还原的用法
前面用了do, does did, don't, doesn't didn't后面动词要还原。如: Did she watch TV last night? Helen doesn’t like taking photos.
34.到了
到达用get to,但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to。如:
get home; get here; get there;
另外go home; come here; go there也一样。
35.长着和穿着
长着什么用with,如:
the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;
穿着什么用in,如:
the man in black穿黑衣服的男人;或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女
36.让某人做某事
用let sb后加动词原形,如: Let’s water the flowers together.
是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原。帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth。如:
帮我学英语是 help me with my English
37.树上
外来的东西在树上用in the tree,如: the bird in the tree;
树上长的用on the tree,如: the apples on the tree
38.运动和乐器
球类之前不加the;乐器之前必须加the。如: