2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.
In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the
participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .
“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that’s usually 14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”
Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of
oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone” 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.
1.[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Throughout [D] Despite 2.[A] equal [B] restricted [C] connected [D] inferior 3.[A] host [B] view [C] lesson [D] choice 4.[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep 5.[A] collecting [B] affecting [C] guiding [D] involving 6.[A] on [B] in [C] at [D] of 7.[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted 8.[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out 9.[A] imagined [B] denied [C] doubted [D] calculated 10.[A] served [B] explained [C] restored [D] required
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11.[A] Thus [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Even 12.[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] errors [D] tests 13.[A] highlighted [B] minimized [C] controlled [D] increased 14.[A] associated [B] equipped [C] presented [D] compared 15.[A] assess [B] moderate [C] generate [D] record 16.[A] in the face of [B] in the form of [C] in the way of [D] in the name of 17.[A] attribute [B] commit [C] transfer [D] return 18.[A] unless [B] because [C] though [D] until 19.[A] emerges [B] vanishes [C] remains [D] decreases 20.[A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D]influences Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1
First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for
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travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travellers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.
It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.
The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work. 21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to [A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide. [B] explain Americans’ tolerance of current security checks. [C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports. [D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.
22. Which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport? [A] New restrictions on carry-on bags. [B] The declining efficiency of the TSA. [C] An increase in the number of travelers. [D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.
23.The word “expedited” (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to [A] quieter. [B] faster. [C] wider. [D] cheaper.
24. One problem with the PreCheck program is [A] A dramatic reduction of its scale. [B] Its wrongly-directed implementation. [C] The government’s reluctance to back it. [D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.
25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? [A] Getting Stuck in Security Lines [B] PreCheck—a Belated Solution [C] Less Screening for More Safety
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2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题
