新视野大学英语第三版
电子教案Book
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Unit 5 When work is a pleasure
PART 1
Understanding and Learning Overview
This unit centers on the topic of work-an indispensable part of individual lives. Work may serve different purposes and have different meanings to different people. Text A argues, by
differentiating among work, labor, and play, that interest and
enjoyment in work are important for the benefit of both individuals and society. Text B, by telling us a story of a shoemaker and the author, stimulates thoughts on building a tradition of working with pride, self-esteem, and responsibility. All of these elements, as shown in both texts, cannot be achieved in a job that is done merely for the sake of money.
Concerning the writing style, Text A is developed mainly by means of contrasts, which are effectively used to highlight, point by point, the differences between workers and laborers. Text B, by means of
narration through the use of the first person “I” and with detailed description and lively conversations, gives the readers a strong feeling of being personally on the scene, and achieves the effect of great vividness.
In order for students to get a strong understanding of the unit theme and foster a good attitude toward work, the teacher should encourage thought-provoking discussions and activities. The topics for the
discussions may include why we work, how we can foster love for work, how we achieve happiness at work, etc. Possible activities are peer interviews, retelling of Text B, questionnaire survey to gauge the happiness level of a specific occupation and to work out how to achieve greater happiness at work.
Section A
Will you be a worker or a labor?
Background information
1 continuing education
Continuing education refers to the education for adults, usually in classes that are held in the evening and especially on subjects that are related to their jobs. 2 experiential learning
Experiential learning is the process of making meaning from direct experience. It is learning through reflection on doing, which is
often contrasted with rote learning (死记硬背). Experiential learning focuses on the learning process for the individua1. An example of experiential learning is going to the zoo and learning through
observation and interaction with the zoo environment, as opposed to reading about animals from a book. Thus, one makes discoveries and experiments with knowledge firsthand, instead of hearing or reading about others’ experiences.
Detailed study of the text
1 In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the social indications around work, the value of work and the salary, have degraded many laborers into modern slaves-“wage slaves”.(Para. 1)
Meaning: In a society where slavery, strictly speaking, has been put to an end, the social status of work, the value of work and the salary, have made many laborers become modern slaves-“wage slaves”.
★ degrade:vt. treat sb. without respect and make them lose respect for themselves贬低(某人 );羞 辱 (某人)
The examination supervisor warned students not to degrade themselves by cheating on the exam.
监考老师警告学生不要在考试中舞弊,以免自取其辱。
Note “Wages slaves” here refers to those who work for the mere purpose of earning a wage.
2 People are considered laborers if their job has an adverse effect on them, yet they feel compelled to continue working by the necessity of conforming to societal expectations and earning the revenue to support themselves and their families. (Para. 2)
Meaning: People are considered laborers if their job has a bad or negative effect on them, but they are forced to work because they want to meet the expectations of the society and earn some money to support themselves and their families.
★ adverse:a. .not good or favorable不利的; 反对的; 反面的
Economists fear that any conflict between the two countries could have adverse effects on global financial markets. 经济学家们担心两国之间的任何冲突都可能对全球金融市场产生不利影响。
★ conform:vi. (~ to/with) obey sth. such as a rule or law遵照;遵守;服从
The city has a few modern buildings in the central area which do not conform with the style of the city’s overall character. 该城市中心区域有一些现代建筑跟城市的整体风格特点不相符合。
★ revenue:n.［U］money that a business or organization receives over a period of time, esp. from selling goods or services (公司、机构的) 收益, 收入
A spokesman for the finance department said costs generally rise when revenue increases. 财务部门的发言人说收益增加成本通常会增加。
Note societal: a. relating to society or the way society is organized 社会的
In time, humans began to develop societal organizations that eventually would become what we know as towns and cities. 经过一段时间之后，人类开始形成社会组织，这些社会组织最终发展成为我们所知道的乡镇和城市。
3The polar opposite of labor is play. (Para, 2) Meaning: Play is completely opposite to labor. ★polar:a.
1) (~opposite/extreme) sth. that is the complete or exact opposite of sth. else完全相反; 正好相反
John said he’d vote for the candidate even if his beliefs were the polar opposite of his own. 约翰说即便候选人的观点与自己的相左 ,他也将投票给该候选人。
2) close to or relating to the North Pole or the South Pole地极的;近地极的;极地的
The melting of the polar icecaps and the rise in the sea level are only the most commonly cited effects of climate change.极地冰盖融化以及海平面上升只是最常被提及的气候变化的后果。
4 When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, but it is a purely private pastime;… (Para. 2)
★ pastime: n. [C] sth. that you do because you think it is enjoyable or interesting消遣; 娱乐
To relieve the stress caused by her job, she turned to painting, a pastime she had loved since childhood.
为了缓解工作引起的压力, 她开始画画, 这是她自儿时起就喜欢的消遣。 5 Between labor and play stands work. (Para.3)
Meaning: Work lies somewhere between labor and play.
Note Here we are reminded of what is mentioned in the preceding paragraph “The polar opposite of labor is play”.
6 People are labeled as workers if their personal interests coincide with the jobs society pays them to do; what is necessary labor from the point of view of society is voluntary play from the individual’s personal point of view. (Para. 3)
Meaning: People are regarded as workers if their personal interests agree with the jobs society pays them to do; what is necessary labor from the perspective of society can mean voluntary play to a worker.
Note The labor required in a job is voluntary play to workers because they show interest in it, enjoy what they are doing and find pleasure in it; just as if they were playing a game. ★ coincide: vi. (~with)
1) (of ideas, opinions, etc. ) be the same or very similar (想法、意见等 )相同, 相符,极为类似
Indeed, the State’s interests may not coincide with those of the individual.
的确, 国家利益可能与个人利益不一致。
2) (of two or more events) take place at the same time (两件或更多的事情)同时发生
Her arrival coincided with our departure. 她到来之时正逢我们离开。
★ voluntary: a. done willingly and without being forced自愿的; 自动的
Every decision is made of a person’s free will, and is voluntary, unless it is effected by compulsion.
每项决定都是基于个人意愿, 属自愿性质的,除非有强制要求。
Note point of view: n. a particular way of thinking about or judging a situation 视角；角度
How does your point of view square with what some of your colleagues have said?
你的观点与你—些同事的意见在多大程度上—致?
7 Whether a job is to be designated as labor or work depends, not on the job itself but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. (Para.3)
Meaning: Whether a job is so be considered as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the very person who does it had interest in it or not. ★desinate:vt..
1) (fml.)(~ sb./sth. as ) give sb. or sth. a particular name, title, or description 把?定名为; 授予?称号; 把?描述为
When residents wanted to designate the Elk River as a heritage site, the mines killed the proposal.
当居民们想把埃尔克河确定为文化遗产时,该提议却被众多的矿井给毁掉了。 2)(~sb./sth.as)formally choose sb. or sth. for a particular purpose任命; 选定; 选派
A will allows people to designate someone as receiver of their property when they die.
遗嘱使人们可以指定其去世后财产由谁继承。
8 The difference does not, for example, correlate with the difference between a manual and mental job or between jobs of low or high esteem; … (Para.3)
新视野大学英语第三版电子教案Book
