2024届河北衡水高中英语新高考语法复习讲义（067）
疑问词与动词不定式连用常考知识点总结整理
疑问词 what，who，which，when，where，how 和连词 whether 之后，可跟一个带“to”的不定式，构成一个特殊的动词不定式短语，可在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
How to solve the problem is very important. 如何解决这个问题是非常重要的。（主语） Ken didn't know what to say. 肯不知道该说什么。（宾语）
The question is where to find the source of water. 问题是在什么地方能找到水源。（表语） 例题：
—I don't know with this problem. It's too hard. —You can ask Mr. Wang for help. A. which to do B. when to do C. what to do D. how to do
【答案选C】不定式前加疑问词构成不定式短语作宾语。
? for+名词或代词宾格+动词不定式
在动词不定式的复合结构中，for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词形式上是for的宾语，但在意义上是不定式的逻辑主语。这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语等。
1）作主语。如：
It is necessary for us to learn from each other. 我们必须互相学习。
It is difficult for present?day readers to understand why the novel Sister Carrie was withdrawn from circulation at the beginning of the 20th century.
今天的读者难以理解为什么小说《嘉莉妹妹》在二十世纪初曾被停止发行。
It is necessary for us to learn a foreign language. 我们学一种外语是必要的。
2）作表语。如：
The popular science books are for middle school students to read.
这些科普读物是给中学生看的。 It is for you to decide. 这得由你决定。
What we want is for you to understand the matter clearly. 我们所希望的是你更清楚地了解这件事。
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains whether they will enjoy it. （2002年高考全国卷）
A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
【答案选B】考查不定式作表语。remain前面的it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是主语从句，是真正的主语。remain 在此句中用作系动词，后接不定式作表语，表示将来的动作。要填入的 see 与whether they will enjoy it存在动宾关系，所以要用被动语态。
3）作宾语。如：
I found it impossible for him to do the job alone. 我发现他一个人干这活是不可能的。
We consider it necessary for him to answer the question. 我们认为他有必要回答这个问题。
This has made it necessary for agriculture and industry to develop very quickly.
这使得工业和农业必须快速发展。
1. The headmaster told us at the Science Museum on time.
2024届河北衡水高中英语新高考语法复习讲义(067)疑问词与动词不定式连用常考知识点总结整理
