Lesson 3 For or Against Keeping Pets?
一、 课文分析 (Lesson Analysis) (一) 课文地位 (Lesson Position)
1、本课是Unit 3的第三课。本课重点通过学生间对于是否养宠物这一问题的辩论,总结出养宠物的有利与不利之处,并能学会谈论。建议教师在学生熟练掌握课文的基础上,引导他们在日常的学习生活中如何就某些社会问题去进行辩论。
2、本课的重点和难点是宾语从句。
在学生学习了第二课以that, if引导的宾语从句的基础上再来学习以疑问词(wh-words)引导的宾语从句应该说有一定的基础。以疑问词(wh-words)引导的宾语从句既是本课的重点,也是本课的难点。宾语从句是整个初中语法教学中相当重要的内容,学生们必须理解它,掌握它。教师必须注意通过情景创设去训练与之有关的内容,不要纯碎为教语法而教语法,从而使学生在情景中比较熟练地掌握宾语从句,并能运用自如。
(二) 课文目标 (Lesson Target)
1、能谈论有关宠物的话题。 2、能教会学生如何进行辩论。
3、能使学生掌握以疑问词(wh-words)引导的宾语从句。 4、引导学生关注社会问题,正确看待养宠物的利弊关系,构建一个人和动物和谐相处的美好世界。
(三) 课文重点 (Lesson focus)
1、关键词汇:
From the text: feel lonely, keep sb. company, keep sth. as a pet, keep pets, walk a dog, have heart trouble, be in danger, have a debate, argue, donate, encourage, make noise, in favour of, a research, in sb’s opinion, what’s more.
(必须熟练掌握这些词汇,因为这与本课话题有着密切的联系)
From the reading: treat??as, raise animals, part of the family, in earthquakes, a drowning boy, in the ruins, attack, brave, save, find, die, celebrated, in honour of, jump off, hand commands, World Trade Center, the most celebrated.
Additional words and expressions: puppy, kitten, as busy as a peacock,
as strong as a horse, milk a cow, spread disease, poisonous. 掌握用以进行辩论的短语: In my opinion,--
I’m for---/ I’m in favour of--- I’m against---
Let me give the reasons./ The following are my reasons. What’s more,--- / Besides,--- That’s why---/ So--- 2、语言功能:
1) We argued about whether we should encourage people to keep pets. (以whether/if引导的宾语从句)
2) But from the debate, we learned why people keep pets and what problems there may be with pets.
(以疑问词wh-words引导的宾语从句)
First,---Secondly,---Thirdly,---Finally,---
3、 语法要点:
前一课已学习了以that, if引导的宾语从句,本课是在前一课的基础上学习以疑问词(wh-words)引导的宾语从句。教师在本课中系统地进行教授,举一反三。
二、 教学设计(Teaching Designs) 教学内容 教学实施建议 教学资源参考 在语法教学时,应多为学生创设情景,让他1.教材P114 们在活动中探索规律,激发学生的探究,创2. 教材P115, P117 Discovering Language 新精神。教师应精讲学生多练,反复使用,3. 练习册P66 反复操练。通过信息量的不断增加,让学生自己发现、归纳语法现象、语法规律,建立一种适合他们的语言习惯。详见:【链接1】 帮助学生扫除单词的障碍,在此基础上能比1.教材P111, P121 New Words and 较熟练地掌握文本的内容。在教学的过程中2.演示文稿 Tuning in 做到词不离句,句不离篇。 详见:【链接2】 Text 课文是本课学习的核心内容。通过课文的学1. 教材P112 习,让学生进一步加深单词、句型以及宾语2. 教材P113 从句的理解并能运用。详见:【链接3】 1.课文所学内容的一个拓展:学生进行辩论1. 教材P119 Developing Skills (Speaking Reading Writing) \People Keep Pets?”。 详见:【链2. 教材P117-118 接4】 2.完成课本的一篇阅读材料以及补充课外的一篇阅读材料,以此逐步提高学生的阅读能力。详见:【链接5】 3. 学写一篇小短文,培养学生的写作能力。详见:【链接6】
【链接1】
3. SSP补充材料 (1) 教师创设情景:播放学生们喜闻乐见的动画狮子王(The Lion King)的画
面,欣赏其中的主题曲“今晚你感受到爱了吗” ,然后提出问题:I want to know what animal you like best; I also want to know what animal you dislike best引入所要谈论的语法话题—宾语从句。
(2) 复习Unit 3 Lesson 2 所学的以that, if/whether 引导的宾语从句,并
让学生从文中找出相应的例子, 总结其语法规律。
? Doctors have learned that(该连接词可省略) walking a dog is good
exercise.
? We argued about whether we should encourage people to keep pets. (whether常和or not连用,而 or not 不能紧跟在if后) (3) 两人一组朗读课文P114的例句,结合课前的预习(事先安排学生预习课本
P175关于由wh-引导的宾语从句),让学生自己找出疑问词(wh-words)引导的宾语从句的语法现象,教师予以总结。(注意:主句与从句时态的一致性;从句必须用陈述句的语序)
Judge whether the two sentences are“T” or “F” ? He wants to know how can he get to the Science Museum. ? He wanted to know how he can get to the Science Museum. (4)操练运用:
? 课文P115 ( Pair work. Repeat your partner’s sentences. 建议将
Developing Skills Ex1挪到前面来教,可能效果会好些)
? 配套练习册P66(Change the underlined parts into the object clause
动词不定式改为宾语从句)
I’d like to know when to set out→
I’d like to know when we shall set out.
? 课文P117(Work in pairs and discuss which animal you like and
dislike after the model。建议将Developing Skills Ex4挪到前面来教,可能效果会好些) friendly, lovely, clever, cute, pretty, easy to take care of, funny, good for, quiet, dirty, dangerous, noisy, terrible Dialogue 1
A: Do you like dogs?
B: Yes. I am for keeping a dog as a pet.
In my opinion, dogs are clever and friendly.
Dialogue 2
A: Do you like mice?
B: No. I am against keeping a mouse as a pet. In my opinion, mice are dirty and terrible.
说明: 语法的教学要避免枯燥无味,因而教师需要给学生创设生动的情景以唤起学习的兴趣与求知欲。同时在教学之前让学生通过预习可以更好更快地掌握知识,在这过程中可以培养他们自主学习的能力。
【链接2】
词汇教学应灵活多样。在创设情景、教师在引导的过程中让学生来描述图片、谈论图片从而引出单词与句型(可采用有效小组合作学习的方式),在了解单词与句型的基础上可以为下面文本的学习埋下伏笔。
(使用Tuning in 中的五幅图片以及PPT演示文稿中所提供的图片材料) ? 结合图片,教师可用以下问题启发学生,引出新单词 1. What are the students doing?(引出debate) 2. How many groups are there? (引出 side)
3. Do the students on the two sides have the same opinion about keeping
pets? (引出 in favour of和against)
4. The old man is alone at home. How does he feel? (引出lonely) 5. What does he want the cat to do? (引出keep him company) 6. Why is the man lying on the roadside? (引出heart trouble)
7. Why does the woman want to call 120? (引出in danger)
8.What are the women doing? (引出walk a dog)
? 通过单词、词组英语-英语的释义以及两人一组进行造句的对话练习,使
学生更加熟练掌握词汇的运用。 First: Match the words and expressions
Second: Make the sentences with the new words and expressions
Column A Column B in favour of
show kindness to
lonely with chances with suffering or losing in danger unhappy of being alone keep sb. company support be friendly to raise a dog keep a dog be with sb. argue one thinks what’s more lately recently in addition in one’s opinion debate 说明: 词汇的教学也应避免枯燥无味,因而教师需要给学生提供丰富生动的情景图片以及多种形式的训练来更好、更快地记住单词,这将有助于对后面文本的理解。
【链接3】Practice on the text 环节分三个步骤:
1、首先使用Skimming的阅读方式(fast reading )扫读课文,让学生找出每一段的段落大意。
Fast reading(Listen and find out the main idea )
The first paragraph: __________________________________________________. The second paragraph: ________________________________________________.
2、然后采用Scanning的阅读方式(careful reading )查找课文中的特定信息,
并能对是非判断理解题作出正确选择。
Careful reading( Read the text again and judge whether the following statements are true or false)
( ) 1.We had a discussion yesterday.
( ) 2.We argued about whether we should encourage people to keep
pets.