初中数学基础计算专题训练
专题一:有理数的计算
1. ?(?3)2?2 2. 12411?(?)??(?)?(?)
3. (?1.5)?414?2.75?(?512)
5. 4?5?(?12)3
7(?10)2?5?(?25)
9. 5?(?6)?(?4)2?(?8)
11.(?16?50?325)?(?2)
23523 4. ?8?(?5)?63
6. (?2)?(?556)?(?4.9)?0.6 8. (?5)3?(?35)2 10. 21?(?6)?(1472?2) 12. (?6)?8?(?2)3?(?4)2?5 13. (?)2??(??2) 14. ?11997?(1?0.5)?
15. ??[?32?(?)2?2] 16. (?)2?(??1)?0 1212232313323223
17. ?14?(1?0.5)?13?[2?(?3)2]
19. ?52?[?4?(1?0.2?15)?(?2)]
21. (?58)?(?4)2?0.25?(?5)?(?4)3 43 18. (?81)?(?2.25)?(?49)?16 20. (?5)?(?36)?(?7)?(?36)?12?(?36777) 22. (?3)2?(11)3?2?6??2293
专题二:整式的加减
1、化简(40分)
(1) 12(x-0.5) (2)3x+(5y-2x) (3)8y-(-2x+3y)
(4)-5a+(3a-2)-(3a-7) (5)7-3x-4x2+4x-8x2-15
(6) 2(2a-9b)-3(-4a+b) (7)-2(8a+2b)+4(5a+b)
(8) 3(5a-3c)-2(a-c) (9)8x-[-3x-(2x-7x-5)+3]+4x
(10)(5a-3b)–3(a-2b)+7(3b+2a) 2、先化简,后求值;
(1)(5x-3y-2xy)-(6x+5y-2xy),其中x??5,y??1 (2)
(3)若a?2??b?3??0,求3ab-[2ab-2(ab-1.5ab)+ab]+3ab的值;
22
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1131x?2(x?y)?(?x?y),其中x??1,y?2 2323
专题三:整式的乘除
1、 计算:
45532
① (6a5-7a2+36a3)÷3a2 ②(-8abc÷4ab)·(3ab)
③ (3x-2)2 ④(2x-3)(-2x-3) ⑤??79.8?
2
⑥2003?1997 ⑦ (2a+1)-(2a+1)(-1+2a)
2
2
8.42005?0.252004? 9.( 3 )2002×(1.5)2003÷(-1)2004=
10. (a2)4a-(a3)2a3 11. (5a3b)·(-4abc) ·(-5ab)
2、化简求值
?2a?3b?2??2a?3b??2a?3b???2a?3b?2, a??2,b?
(x+3)(x-4)-x(x-2) ,其中x=11
13
?a?b??a?b???a?b?
2,其中a=3,b=-
1. 3已知2x-y=10,求?x?y2??2?4y的值. ???x?y??2y?x?y???2专题四:因式分解
1.(1)3p2﹣6pq (2)2x2+8x+8
(3)x3y﹣xy (4)3a3﹣6a2b+3ab2.
(5)a2(x﹣y)+16(y﹣x) (6)(x2+y2)2﹣4x2y2
2.(1)2x2﹣x (2)16x2﹣1 (3)6xy2﹣9x2y﹣y3
(4)4+12(x﹣y)+9(x﹣y)2 (5)2am2﹣8a (6)4x3+4x2y+xy2
(7)3x﹣12x3 (8)(x2+y2)2﹣4x2y2 (9)x2y﹣2xy2+y3 (10)(x+2y)2﹣y2
(11)n2(m﹣2)﹣n(2﹣m) (12)(x﹣1)(x﹣3)+1
(13)a2﹣4a+4﹣b2 (14)a2﹣b2﹣2a+1