2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
试卷总分：100答题时间：180分钟
Section I Use of English :Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)
Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is (1) a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academyof Sciences, has (2) .
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted (3) 1,932 unique subjects which (4) pairs of unrelated friendsand unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both (5) .
While 1% may seem (6) ,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC SanDiego, says, “Most people do not even (7) their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends thepeople who (8) our kin.”
The study (9) found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Whythis similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now, (10) ,as the team suggests, it draws us to similarenvironments but there is more (11) it. There could be many mechanisms working together that (12) us inchoosing genetically similar friends (13) ”functional Kinship” of being friends with (14) !
One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution (15) than other genesStudying this could help (16) why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environmentbeing a major (17) factor.
The findings do not simply explain people’s (18) to befriend those of similar (19) backgrounds, say the
researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to (20) that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1.
[0.5分]-----正确答案(D)AwhenBwhyChowDwhat [0.5分]-----正确答案(B)AdefendedBconcludedCwithdrawnDadvised [0.5分]-----正确答案(C)AforBwithConDby [0.5分]-----正确答案(A)AcomparedBsoughtCseparatedDconnected [0.5分]-----正确答案(C)AtestsBobjectsCsamplesDexamples [0.5分]-----正确答案(A)AinsignificantBunexpectedCunbelievableDincredible [0.5分]-----正确答案(D)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
AvisitBmissCseekDknow
8.
[0.5分]-----正确答案(A)AresembleBinfluenceCfavorDsurpass [0.5分]-----正确答案(B)AagainBalsoCinsteadDthus
9.
10. [0.5分]-----正确答案(D)
AmeanwhileBfurthermoreClikewiseDperhaps11. [0.5分]-----正确答案(B)
AaboutBtoCfromDlike12. [0.5分]-----正确答案(A)
AdriveBobserveCconfuseDlimit13. [0.5分]-----正确答案(B)
AAccording toBrather thanCregardless ofDalong with14. [0.5分]-----正确答案(D)
AchancesBresponsesCmissionsDbenefits15. [0.5分]-----正确答案(C)
AlaterBslowerCfasterDearlier16. [0.5分]-----正确答案(C)
AforecastBrememberCunderstandDexpress17. [0.5分]-----正确答案(B)
AunpredictableBcontributoryCcontrollableDdisruptive18. [0.5分]-----正确答案(D)
AendeavorBdecisionCarrangementDtendency
19. [0.5分]-----正确答案(C)
ApoliticalBreligiousCethnicDeconomic20. [0.5分]-----正确答案(A)
AseeBshowCproveDtell
Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answerson ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1
King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandalsand the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and standdown. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is onthe wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?
The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly
polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody”a spirit of national unity.
It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, theMiddle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not countingVatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families havesurvived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their veryhistory—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges andinequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the
increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heartof modern democratic states.
The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses haveday-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with theinternational 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.
While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royalswho have most to fear from the Spanish example.
It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) grannystyle. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical viewof the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service –as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it iskings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.参考答案:A
解析:此处考察动词，动词势必要看前后搭配。see that 构成固定词组，意为“务必使……”，符合文意，即：即使所有的受访者都拥有欧洲血统，(研究者们)仍然悉心确保所有的受访者、朋友和陌生人都来自于同一群种。选项B“展示”,选项C“证明”，选项D“辨别”均无此含义，且不符合文意。分数:0.5
21.According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[2分]-----正确答案(D)
Aused turn enjoy high public supportBwas unpopular among European royalsCcased his relationship with his rivalsDended his reign in embarrassment22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[2分]-----正确答案(A)
Aowing to their undoubted and respectable statusBto achieve a balance between tradition and realityCto give voter more public figures to look up toDdue to their everlasting political embodiment
23.Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[2分]-----正确答案(B)
AAristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealthBThe role of the nobility in modern democracies
2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题-考研英语试卷与试题
