人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit1SectionB教材全解
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
Unit 1 Section B教材全解
1.Hello,I’m Peter.I like to play basketball.I can speak English and I can also play soccer.你好!我是彼特。我喜欢打篮球。我会说英语,也会踢足球。
【重点注释】①I like to play basketball.我喜欢打篮球。like doing sth.和like to do sth.都表示“喜欢做某事”,但动名词所表示的动作,在意义上比较一般和抽象,时间观念不强,不指某一次动作;动词不定式则常指某个具体的一次性的动作。例如:She likes swimming.她喜欢游泳(经常性的爱好)。She likes to swim this afternoon.她今天下午想游泳(特指某一次的动作)。另外,在搭配(使用方法)上,还有一点区别:(1)“like to do sth.”一般与 “would” 搭配,构成would like(would like 后面只能跟动词不定式,即woule like to do sth.),表示“意愿”。例如:I would like to swim with you .我愿意和你去游泳。Would you like to skate? 你愿意去滑冰吗?Would you like to have some bananas?你想吃些香蕉吗?(2)“like doing sth.”表示“爱好”。例如:I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。Do you like singing ?你喜欢唱歌吗?
②I can speak English and I can also play soccer.我会说英语,也会踢足球。这是一个并列句,由连词and连接两个简单句。and可以连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子,表示并列或对称的关系,可翻译为“和;并(且);又;兼”等。例如:Mille and Amy go to the park every week.米莉和艾米每周都去公园。They love playing football and we love playing football too.他们喜欢踢足球,我们也喜欢踢足球。
【比较记忆】Unit 1 Section A课文全析5:Lisa wants to join the chess club,but she can’t play chess.莉萨想加入国际象棋俱乐部,但她不会下国际象棋。but,连词,表示转折关系,意为“但是”。而and是表示并列、递进关系的连词,意为“并且”。例如:She can dance,but she can’t sing.她会跳舞,但她不会唱歌。I can play the piano,and I play it very well.我会弹钢琴,并且弹得很好。 ③副词also意思是“也”。例如:I’m 19 years old.John is also 19 years old.我19岁,约翰也19岁。
【比较记忆】also与too的意思都是“也”,它们的区别如下: also too 用于肯定句,通常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。 用于肯定句,通常放在句末。 例句:He is good at English.He is also good at Japanese.他擅长英语,也擅长日语。 She can also speak English.她也会说英语。I also want some tea.我也要点茶。I know the answer,too.我也知道答案。
注意:too修饰形容词或副词,作程度状语时,表示“太,过分”之意。例如:He speaks too fast.他说话太快。The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。
2.Hi,I’m Ma Huan.I can play ping-pong and chess.I like to talk and play games with people.嗨,我是马欢。我会乒乓球和国际象棋。我喜欢与人交谈和玩游戏。 【重点注释】①I can play ping-pong and chess.= I can play ping-pong and I can play chess.我会打乒乓球,也会下国际象棋。I like to talk and play games with people.= I
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like to talk to people and I like to play games with people.我喜欢和人交谈,也喜欢和人玩游戏。
②play games做(玩)游戏。play games with sb.和某人一起做游戏。 ③people泛指“人们”,是集体名词,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。例如:Some people speak French in this country.在这个国家,一部分人讲法语。 【拓展记忆】1)the people意为“人民”。例如:We study hard for the people.我们为人民努力学习。2)people还可表示“民族;种族”,是可数名词,其复数形式为peoples。例如:There are fifty-six peoples in China.中国有56个民族。
3.Are you busy after school?No?Can you speak English?Yes?Then we need you to help with sports for English-speaking students.It’s relaxing and easy!放学后你忙吗?不忙?你会说英语吗?是的?那么,我们需要你帮助说英语的学生进行体育运动。它轻松且容易!
【重点注释】①busy形容词,意为“忙的,繁忙的”,反义词是free,意为“空闲的,有空的”。be busy=have no time=be not free很忙.形容词常和be连用,作表语。如短文下一句:It’s relaxing and easy!它轻松且容易!
【试题链接】根据句子中所给单词的首字母或中文提示,填写正确的单词。
Ted is so b that he has no time to watch TV in the evenings.
(由句意“在晚上,泰德如此忙以至于他没有时间看电视。”知此处需填形容词busy。)
【拓展记忆】be busy with sth.忙于某事/be busy(in) doing sth.忙于做某事。例如:My uncle is busy with his work.我叔叔正忙着他的工作。I am busy doing my homework.我正忙着做我的家庭作业。be busy doing sth侧重于动作,sth.是名词或代词,do是动词的形式,doing是v.ing形式。be busy with sth.侧重于状态。be busy后跟名词或代词,用with;be busy后跟动词,用v.ing形式。两者意思都一样,可以互换。例如:He is busy doing his homework(他忙着做家庭作业).=He is busy with his homework(他忙于家庭作业). He’s busy with(playing) soccer.他忙于踢足球。They’re busy watching TV.他们忙着看电视。注意:不要出现用with,还用v.ing形式。We’re busy with cleaning the classroom.(×)
②Then we need you to help with sports for English-speaking students.那么,我们需要你帮助说英语的学生开展体育活动。need作为实义动词,意为“需要”,此时need有人称和数的变化,need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词(v.ing)、动词不定式或代词。need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”;need sb.to do sth.意为“需要某人做某事”;need后面接动名词(v.ing)时,动名词表被动意思,此时主语常为物。The room needs cleaning.这个房间需要打扫。need既可用于肯定句,也可用于否定句和疑问句,构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does等。例如:You need to talk with your mother.你需要和你妈妈谈谈。Does your father need any help?你爸爸需要帮助吗?注意:need sth.需要某物。need to do sth.需要做某事。need sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事。例如:I need a sweater.我需要一件毛衣。I need a pencil.我需要一支铅笔。I need to do my homework.我需要做我的家庭作业。I need you to help me.我需要你帮我。He needs to see a doctor.他需要看医生。 【拓展记忆】need用作情态动词时,意思是“有必要”或“需要”,其后接动词原形,通常只用于否定句或疑问句。例如:You needn’t worry.你不必担心。Why need you go today?为什么你需要今天走?注意:由于用作情态动词的need通常不用于肯定句,所以对于以need开头的一般疑问句的否定回答可用needn’t,
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但是肯定回答却不能用Yes,you need.之类,应根据具体情况改用其他表达。例如:——Need I come tomorrow?明天我需要来吗?——No,you needn’t.不,你没有必要来。—Need he stay here?他有必要留在这儿吗?—Yes,he must.是的,必须留在这儿。
③Then we need you to help with sports for English-speaking students.那么,我们需要你帮助说英语的学生进行体育运动。help的用法:1)help with (doing)sth.(名词或代词)在某方面帮助;帮助(做)……;帮助(做)某事(help with后面接物等名词时,翻译汉语时可以加上动词)。本句中help with sports=help with having sports意为“帮着进行体育运动”; help with sports for English-speaking students意为“帮助说英语的学生进行体育运动”。例如:May I help with(taking) the books? 我帮(你)(拿)这些书好吗? Do you need some help with(taking) those bags?你需要帮忙(拿,搬)那些袋子吗?May I help with (washing)the bowls?我帮你(洗)碗,好吗? 2)help sb.with sth(名词或代词).在某方面帮助某人;帮助某人(做)某事(注意:这个短语在with与后面的名词间一般会加上冠词或形容词性物主代词这样的限定词.Can you help me with my English?)。例如:Please help me with my homework.请帮我做家庭作业吧。3)help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事(动词不定式符号to可以省略,即:help sb.do sth.但是没有help sb.doing sth或help sb.with doing sth.的说法。例如:Can you help me (to)learn my English?= Can you help me with my English? Please help me with my homework.= Please help me (to)do my homework.4)help to do sth.帮着做某事。例如:Can you help to carry the stone?你能帮着搬这个石头吗?
【试题链接】Ann often helps me math after school. A.for B.with C.on D.by (help sb.with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。句意:放学后安经常帮助我学数学。故选填B。)
④Then we need you to help with sports for English-speaking students.那么,我们需要你帮助说英语的学生开展体育活动。English-speaking是由English和speaking两词合并构成的一个形容词,表示“说英语的”。例如:There are many English-speaking countries in the world.世界上又许多说英语的国家。
4.Please come to the Students’Sports Center.Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742.请来学生体育中心吧。给布朗先生打293-7742这个电话(打电话293-7741联系布朗先生)。
【重点注释】①Please come to the Students’Sports Center.请来学生体育中心吧。 students’意为“学生们的”,是名词复数所有格形式。若名词已有复数词尾-s,只加“’”。例如:Teachers’ Day教师节 the workers’club工人俱乐部your parents’room你父母的房间 ten minutes’break十分钟的课间休息。
【拓展记忆】单数名词词尾加“’s”,复数名词词尾没有-s,也要加“’s”。例如:the boy’s bag男孩的书包 men’s room男厕所Children’s Day儿童节 【试题链接】——How far is your home from school?
——It’s about two walk.
A.hours B.hours’ C.hour’s D.hour (句意:“你家离学校多远?”“大约步行两个小时的路程。”此处应使用名词所有格形式。hour是可数名词,在基数词two后应使用复数形式hours,以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格直接在词尾加“’”。故选填B。)
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(完整版)人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit1SectionB教材全解
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