C
Cycling is well nown to improve individual health and fitness; it also benefits the wider population in terms of economy, transport and environment. The EU promotes cycling via many measures primarily to achieve sustainable (可持续的) clean and energy efficient transport systems. However, despite the fact that benefits outweigh the riss by 201, many consider the ris too great and that the fear of danger on the road needs to be handled. Cycle lanes (车道) have been used to improve cyclists' safety and encourage more cyclists onto the road. This research in transport aims to study the effect of cycle lanes on cyclists' safety where passing space given by overtaing (超车) vehicles is concerned.
In this study, the authors used a bicycle equipped with cameras to record vehicle overtaes in varying road situations to determine whether cycle lanes, colour bloc cycle lanes or no cycle lanes affect passing distances and cyclists' safety. Their 3 comparisons measuring vehicle passing widths found greater overall distances given with a cycle lane than without. Colour bloc vs. uncoloured cycle lanes showed little or no difference, as did no cycle lanes vs. colour bloc cycle lanes. Colour bloc lanes had a slight negative effect suggesting that drivers are more careful when cycle lanes have less definition (清晰度).
Interestingly, the authors conclude that other factors have a far greater effect on cyclists' safety than presence or absence of cycle lanes. Road width, paring, opposing vehicle flow and speed were ey influences on decreased passing widths. The authors also note that driver behaviour is a hugely important factor and urge more research in this area. \the eisting motorised traffic must be eplored first.\They suggest, \width is the most significant variable (变量) to achieve a sufficient vehicle passing distance. The narrow cycle lanes (<2m) may be not enough. Reconsideration of the entire road design and further eploration of driver behavioural factors is required. \
28. What is the main purpose of the EU's promoting cycling? A. To reduce air pollution. C. To improve people's health,
B. To build better transport systems. D. To help people save money on transport.
29. According to the study, colour bloc lanes may______. A. mae drivers a bit careless C. get cyclists to feel safer
B. cause no overtaing
D. lead to greater passing distances
30. In the researchers' eyes, the first step to encourage more cycling is to______. A. redesign and rebuild the roads in a city B. do more research in public bicycle programs C. restrict the number of vehicles running on road D. mae strict traffic rules to control driver behavior 31. The authors of the research thin that driver behavior______. A. needs further eploring
B. is an unimportant factor
C. maes cycle lanes narrower D. is the most significant variable D
Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation that threatens the survival of companies everywhere. It’s based on the assumption that old ideas will always wor, so they shouldn’t be challenged. While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don’t change, it’s unliely to hold true in a changing situation.
In today’s rapid changing global environment, old methods often don’t wor, and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems. Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security. If everyone else believes it, then it must be true. Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right, and being right is good. They want to continue using old ideas rather than tae riss with changes that might not wor. In 1977, en Olsen, co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), stated ＂There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home.＂ Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry, DEC no longer eists.
People seem to forget that since innovation is a change, there can be no innovation without change. Unfortunately, conventional wisdom prevents leaders, followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating. If companies don’t innovate, but their competitors do, the future is liely to be problematic. Breaing from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries, so it has a powerful effect on business success.
Ted Turner (founder of CNN) new little, if anything, about the news business, but he new it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour, as was common before CNN. Turner’s solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day. The news establishment reflected conventional
wisdom at the time, and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day. However, it doesn’t tae a rocet scientist to understand that viewers don’t have to watch the news all day for the CNN to wor. Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information. Due to conventional thining, the critics failed to recognie the opportunity that was clear to Ted. They assumed that only what was familiar to them could wor in the future.
Conventional wisdom prevents creativity, fleibility and ris-taing, so unconventional leaders enthusiastically brea from it. To survive, thrive and maintain competitive advantage, companies must be fleible when reacting to change.
32. DEC has disappeared probably because ___________. A. the consumers didn’t lie its products C. the CEO stuc to the conventional ideas
B. the leaders laced the sense of security D. the employees too many riss with changes
33. The founding of CNN is used as an eample to prove ___________. A. missing opportunities could lead to failure success
C. watching news at the dinner hour is convenient success
34. What does the underlined part probably mean?
A. Rocet scientists can ensure the CNN wors properly. B. Most of the viewers don’t lie to watch the news at wor. C. It’s necessary to understand when people watch the news. D. It’s easy to now people needn’t watch the news all the time. 35. The passage is mainly written to tell us that ___________. A. old methods are changing with time
B. opportunities lead to business success D. successful companies need wise leaders D. conventional wisdom influences business
B. changing could contribute to business
C. conventional wisdom limits innovation 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Finals wee can be a stressful time for all students. So, nowing how to properly prepare is the ey to
acing every single one of the eams. Here are some proven methods that will have you focused and better
prepared.
Say YES to eercise
36 . Whether you’re dancing, jogging or busting a sweat by waling, eercise will increase your
energy level and reduce the effects of stress.
Eat superfoods
What you eat a wee in advance matters. When you study, your brain consumes energy. 37 . Eating a healthy snac is very beneficial and can mae a significant difference.
38 Cramming causes aniety, which lowers your ability to remember information. By creating a balanced
study plan and schedule, you will be able to study each subject in its entirety and boost your test performance.
Avoid the all-nighter
Almost every student pulls an all-nighter, but it is a bad idea. Get a good night’s sleep and review the
toughest material right before going to bed the night before the test. 39 .
Minimie distractions
Research shows that many teens prefer to study while listening to music, teting friends, or watching
television. 40 . If you must listen to music, stic to instrumental music and consider downloading these study tools to eep you focused! A. Manage your time B. Maimie practice-testing
C. It maes it easier to recall the material later
D. However, they are less liely to remember information that way E. Distributing learning over time typically benefits long-term memory F. So tae a five-minute brea every hour to produce more fuel for your studying G. Science says that just 20 minutes of aerobic eercise can improve your memory
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
I had just arrived in this Asian country for a one-year teaching position. One day, I too the subway to
visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown. The following account of what happened to me has taught me much about culture 41 .
Since all the 42 were taen, I stood. Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag. 43 I
probably was in someone’s way, I moved over slightly. But in one quic motion(动作), I felt my bag removed from my bac, and in a flash it was 44 . I turned around to see who the thief was. I looed at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or any 45 . My heart san and I began to 46 .
I glanced around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap
was my 47 . I tried to get it bac from her lap. But as I began to 48 it up, she quicly grabbed(抓住) it bac and held onto it. I looed around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one too any 49 of the situation. Trying not to cause a(an) 50 , I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as best as I could, but she 51 my requests for my bag and pointed to my bac. She piced up my bag, showing how 52 it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to 53 me.
At the net stop, a middle-aged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down too her bag, 54 it on her lap. They didn’t tal; 55 this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap throughout her journey.
As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman
56 handed me bac my bag. But 57 I had a chance to than her, she had disappeared into the crowd. Sadly, this considerate custom was more 58 to me than if I had been robbed. Everyone bac home had heard of being robbed—that was 59 city behavior—but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of 60 , in a city of twelve million people—that was truly unusual. 41. A. loss 42. A. cars
B. aim
C. cause C. buses
D. difference D. stations D. Epecting D. gone D. passenger
B. seats
43. A. Deciding 44. A. broen 45. A. suspect
B. Assuming B. emptied B. victim
C. Admitting C. opened C. criminal
福建省厦门外国语学校2017届高三适应性考试 英语
